浅析美军马赛克战作战概念及启示

Analysis and Inspiration of the U.S.Force’s Concept of Mosaic Warfare

随着世界军事科技的迅速发展和美国竞争对手实力的不断提升,美军提出了马赛克战的新型作战概念,旨在形成大国战略竞争及对称作战中的军事优势。通过紧密结合马赛克战项目的规划和进展状况,深刻分析了马赛克战概念提出的世界战略科技发展、中美大国竞争等深层次背景,以及武器研发成本高、高科技装备依赖性强等直接因素。接着深入剖析了马赛克战作战概念的低成本、灵活自主、分布式和抗抵消等特点,全面探讨了马赛克战作战概念的战时杀伤“效果网”、非战时武器更新升级和研发成本优势等非线性叠加的作战效能。进一步总结提炼出马赛克战作战概念的群体智能、分布式人机协同、弹性灵活网络及通信、体系作战效能评估与试验等核心关键技术,并明晰了马赛克战作战概念与进攻性蜂群(OFFSET)、体系综合技术和试验(SoSITE)、任务优化动态适应网络(DyNAMO)、适应跨域杀伤网(ACK)、分解/重构(Decomp/Recomp)等项目之间的技术研发支撑关系。最后,充分结合我军作战能力现状和未来发展需求,归纳总结了马赛克战对我军发展方向的启示,指出我军应认真学习并深刻领悟马赛克战与未来发展方向的结合点,做好与强敌长期持续性、全域联合对抗的思想准备,从武器装备研制、体系作战理论研发、作战指控体制机制等方面,迅速引领我军作战模式向着未来先进模式转变。

With the rapid development of the worldwide military science and technology,and the continuous improvement of its competitors’strength,the U.S.military put forward a new concept of Mosaic Warfare,aiming to form the military advantage in the strategic competition among great powers and symmetric operations.By closely combining with the planning and progress of the mosaic war project,the deep-seated background including the worldwide strategic technology development,competition between China and the United States,and the direct factors such as high cost of weapon research and development(R&D),high dependency on high-tech equipment,are deeply analyzed.Then,the characteristics of Mosaic Warfare are summarized as low cost,flexibility and autonomy,distribution and anti-cancellation.The nonlinear superposition of the combat effectiveness of Mosaic Warfare including the kill“Effect Net”at war and the advantage on weapon upgrading and R&D cost during peacetime,is profoundly explored.Next,the core key technologies of Mosaic Warfare,are concluded and refined as swarm intelligence,distributed human-machine cooperation,flexible network and communication,combat effectiveness evaluation and test for system of systems and so forth.Meanwhile,the detailed relationship between the core key technologies and the supporting projects of Mosaic Warfare,including OFFSET,SoSITE,DyNAMO,ACK and Decomp/Recomp,is clearly expounded.Consequently,based on the current situation of our army's combat capability and future development requirement,the enlightenment of mosaic war on the development direction of our army is summarized.It pointed out that our army should carefully study and deeply understand the combination point between Mosaic Warfare and the future development direction,make ideological preparations for a long-term,sustained and all-round joint confrontation with a strong enemy.From the aspects of weapon equipment development,system operation research and war-oriented implementation as well as combat command and control mechanism,our military operation mode is transferred to the future advanced mode.