一种新型液态垃圾处理车设计与实验研究

Design and Experimental Study of a New Type of Liquid Waste Disposal Vehicle

当前吸污车等设备只能对污水污物进行抽吸,然后转运出去,却没做任何的处理,其大负荷导致污水厂、填埋场都无法接纳,进而导致许多吸污车偷排于市政排污管或其他偏僻之处等指标不治本的问题.针对该类治污与管理难题,设计了一款具有污水污物就地处理功能的新型液态垃圾处理车.新型液态垃圾处理车主要由抽吸排放系统、两级固液分离系统、固态垃圾絮凝脱水系统组成.可以做到抽吸多相的液态垃圾,同时将固态物和液态进行多级分离,并将固态物质尽量脱水以便于单独转运.为了测试该文所设计新型液态垃圾处理车的性能,在处理功效、污水净化程度以及脱水后的固态垃圾含水率方面做了相关测试.实验表明:设备全流程功效是传统同尺寸吸污设备的3倍,处理后水质达到了《污水排入城镇下水道水质标准》(GB/T 31962-2015)C级标准,分离处理的一级固态垃圾含水率满足《生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准》(GB16889-2008)中转运填埋的要求,二级固液分离物可作为有机肥原料,且经过净化后的污水可以直接排放至地下污水管道.该文设计思路对我国污水污物处理环卫设备的研发有一定的指导作用.

At present,sewage suction trucks and other equipment can only suck sewage and then transport out without any treatment,resulting in the problem that sewage treatment plants and landfills cannot be accepted.It often becomes a fact that many sewage suction trucks secretly discharge into municipal sewage pipes or other remote places and other thorny problems.Therefore,a new type of liquid waste treatment truck is designed to treat sewage on site.The new type of liquid waste disposal vehicle mainly consists of a suction and discharge system,a two-stage solid-liquid separation system and a solid waste flocculation and dewatering system.The solid and liquid can be separated step by step and dehydrated as much as possible to facilitate separate transportation while pumping multi-phase liquid waste.In order to test the performance of the new type of liquid waste disposal vehicle designed in this paper,relevant tests have been made on the treatment efficiency,the degree of sewage purification and the moisture content of dehydrated solid waste.Experiments show that the whole process efficiency of the equipment is three times that of the traditional sewage suction equipment of the same size.The treated water quality meets with the C-level standard of Water Quality Standard for Sewage Discharged into Urban Sewerage(GB/T 31962-2015).The moisture content of the first-level solid waste for separation and treatment meets with the requirements of the transit landfill in Pollution Control Standard for Domestic Waste Landfill(GB16889-2008).The second-level solid-liquid separation can generate as raw materials as fertilizer,and the purified sewage can be directly discharged into the sewer.The research content of this paper has a certain guiding role for the research and development of sewage sanitation equipment in China.