母代高脂饮食对雄性后代小鼠青春期后期运动能力及学习记忆行为的影响

Effects of maternal high-fat diet on motor ability,learning and memory of male offspring mice in late adolescence

目的:研究母代高脂饮食(high-fat diet,HFD)对雄性后代小鼠青春期后期运动能力及学习记忆行为的影响及机制。方法:通过16周高脂饮食喂养母鼠直至哺乳期结束建立母鼠肥胖模型,以子代雄鼠作为主要研究对象。通过足迹分析和转棒实验研究了子代小鼠的运动协调性,通过旷场实验研究了雄性子代小鼠运动能力的变化,通过水迷宫和新物体识别等实验研究了子代小鼠学习记忆行为的改变,通过免疫荧光染色观察了子代小鼠海马齿状回(dentate gyrus,DG)神经发生。结果:高脂饮食母鼠子代小鼠足迹角度显著降低,在转棒实验中停留时间显著低于正常饮食组母鼠子代;旷场实验中,高脂饮食母鼠子代小鼠垂直次数、中央停留时间和运动总距离显著下降,水迷宫实验中潜伏期以及新物体识别实验中的偏好指数均显著降低(P<0.01)。免疫荧光结果显示,母代高脂饮食子代小鼠海马DG区神经元分化程度和复杂度显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:母代高脂饮食可通过影响雄性子代小鼠海马神经发生而损伤其运动和学习能力。

AIM:To study the effects of maternal high-fat diet(HFD)on motor ability,learning and memory of male offspring mice in late adolescence and the underlying mechanism.METHODS:The female rats were fed with HFD for 16 weeks until the end of lactation to establish the obesity model,and the offspring male rats were taken as the main research object.The motor coordination of offspring mice was studied by footprinting analysis and rotarod experiment,the change of motor ability of male offspring mice was studied by open field experiment,the change of learning memory behavior of offspring mice was studied by Morris water maze and new object recognition experiment,and the neurogenesis of dentate gyrus(DG)in hippocampus of offspring mice was observed by immunofluorescence staining.RE⁃SULTS:The footprint angle of the offspring mice in maternal HFD group decreased significantly,and the stay time in rotarod of the offspring mice in maternal HFD group was significantly shorter than that of the offspring mice in maternal normal diet group(P<0.01).In the open field experiment,the number of vertical times,the central time and the total distance of movement were significantly reduced,and the latency of water maze experiment and the preference index of new object recognition were significantly reduced.The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that the degree and complexity of neuron differentiation in DG area of hippocampus of offspring mice in maternal HFD group decreased significantly(P<0.01).CONCLUSION:Maternal HFD damages the movement and learning abilities of the male offspring in late adolescence by affecting the hippocampus neurogenesis.