呼和浩特地区苹果和梨果实轮纹病抗性评价

Evaluation of apple and pear resistance to ring rot in Hohhot

【目的】评价内蒙古呼和浩特地区苹果、梨果实对轮纹病的抗性,为寒、旱地区拮抗轮纹病种质资源研究和抗病品种繁育提供基础。【方法】以秋香和富士为对照,对苹果、梨果实接种轮纹病菌后,测定果实的感病率、病斑直径、病斑扩展速率等指标,评价了苹果(金红、沈农2号、绿红宝、鸡心果、火焰海棠)以及苹果梨和早酥梨7种呼和浩特地区苹果和梨果实对轮纹病的抗病性,并利用电子显微镜观察比较了轮纹病侵染感病和抗病品种的显微结构。【结果】苹果梨、火焰海棠为轮纹病的高感品种,绿红宝、金红、鸡心果和早酥梨为中感品种,富士和秋香为中抗品种,沈农2号为抗病品种。显微结构观察结果验证火焰海棠为感病品种,沈农2号为抗病品种。【结论】呼和浩特地区的火焰海棠和苹果梨为轮纹病的高感品种,沈农2号为高抗品种。

【Objective】To evaluate the resistance to ring rot for apple and pear fruits in Hohhot of Inner Mongolia,and provide information for the breeding of disease resistance apple and pear cultivars in cold and drought area.【Methods】Taking Qiuxiang and Fuji as control,after inoculating the fruit of apple and pear with Physalospora piricola,the disease susceptibility rate,lesion diameter and lesion expansion rate were measured to evaluate the resistance of 7 kinds of apple and pear fruits(Jinhong,Shennong No.2,Lvhongbao,Jixinguo,Huoyanhaitang,Pingguo pear,Zaosu pear)in Hohhot to the disease.The micro structure of the resistant and the susceptible cultivar were compared by election microscopy.【Results】Pingguo pear,Huoyanhaitang were super susceptible cultivars to ring rot,Lvhongbao,Jinhong,Jixinguo and Zaosu pear were medium susceptible cultivars,Fuji and Qiuxiang were medium resistant cultivars,and Shennong No.2 was super resistant cultivar.The results of microstructural observation showed that Huoyanhaitang was susceptible cultivar and Shennong No.2 was resistant cultivar.【Conclusion】The Huoyanhaitang and Pingguo pear were super susceptible cultivars to ring rot,while Shennong No.2 was super resistant cultivar in Hohhot.