船用低速电控柴油机实时仿真模型开发研究

Research on Real-Time Simulation Model for Electronically Controlled Low-Speed Marine Diesel Engine

在分析低速机控制系统功能的基础上,确定了船用低速电控柴油机实时仿真模型功能,利用模块化建模方法开发了低速机缸内工作过程、进排气过程、涡轮增压器、中冷器等各个子模型,并针对电控系统的控制需求,建立了燃油喷射、排气门、辅助风机等独立的仿真子模型作为电控系统的受控对象,可使仿真得到的性能参数随控制参数的改变而实时变化,最后将实时仿真模型与硬件在环硬件进行了集成,对开发的低速机实时仿真模型进行了精度及实时性的验证。通过仿真数据与试车报告中的试验数据进行对比,实时仿真模型模拟的稳态工况下数据与试验数据最大误差在5%以内,运行在实时仿真机中的实时因子小于1。开发的低速机实时仿真模型精度和实时性满足硬件在环仿真测试要求,可将其用在低速机硬件在环仿真系统,开展低速机电控系统的功能测试。

Based on the analysis of the function of low-speed engine control system,the function of real-time simulation model of electronically controlled low-speed marine diesel engines was determined.Using the modular modeling method,sub-models of in-cylinder working process,intake and exhaust process,turbocharger and intercooler were developed for the real-time engine simulation model.Independent sub-models of fuel injection,exhaust valve and auxiliary fan were established as the controlled objects of the engine electronic control system to control engine operation,which enabled simulated performance parameters to vary in real time with the change of control parameters.Finally,the real-time engine simulation model was integrated with the hardware-in-the-loop hardware.The verification of the accuracy and real-time performance of the developed real-time simulation model for low-speed engines was carried out by test.The simulated data was compared with the test data in the test report.The maximum difference between the simulated data and test data in the steady-state conditions was less than 5%,and the real-time factor running in the simulation was less than 1.The accuracy and real-time performance of the low-speed diesel engine simulation model meets the test requirement of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system and it can be used in the low-speed diesel engine hardware-in-the-loop simulation system to carry out the functional test of electronic control system.