牛乳腺上皮细胞体外分离培养模式、方法及其应用进展

Isolation and Culture Mode,Method and Application of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells in Vitro

乳腺由具有泌乳功能的腺泡组成,乳腺上皮细胞(MEC)以单层方式排列在腺泡外围,是乳腺对外界病原进行免疫保护的重要组分,负责将血液中的营养物质通过一系列复杂生化过程转化为乳汁。牛乳腺上皮细胞(BMECs)的体外分离培养在很大程度上解决了活体试验条件不可控、操作困难、成本高及个体差异大等诸多问题,还可以为体外研究乳腺组织生长发育规律、泌乳机制、乳房疾病等提供良好的细胞模型。本文总结了BMECs的分类和作用、培养方法、模式及其在基因表达机理研究和组学中的应用进展,以期为BMECs体外培养及相关研究提供有价值的参考和新思路。

The mammary gland is composed of acini with lactation function.Mammary epithelial cells(MECs)are arranged in a single layer around the acinus,which is an important part of the innate immune barrier of the mammary gland.It is also responsible for transforming nutrients in the blood into milk through a series of complex biochemical processes.The separation and culture of bovine mammary epithelial cells(BMECs)in vitro can solve many problems,such as uncontrollable conditions,difficult operation,high cost and large individual differences in vivo test,and also provide a good cell model for in vitro study of the growth and development of mammary tissue,the mechanism of lactation and breast diseases.This paper mainly summarized the classification and function of BMECs,culture methods,mode and their application in gene expression mechanism and omics,in order to provide valuable reference and new ideas for the in vitro culture and related research of BMECs.