饲粮添加益生菌和合生元对环江香猪生长性能及血浆生化参数的影响

Effects of Dietary Supplementation with Probiotics and Synbiotics on Growth Performance and Plasma Biochemical Parameters of Huanjiang Mini-Piglets

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加益生菌和合生元对环江香猪生长性能和血浆生化参数的影响。选取窝产仔数相近的新生仔猪24窝,随机分为3组,每组8个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.05%丁酸梭菌(益生菌组)或0.05%丁酸梭菌+0.02%低聚木糖(合生元组)。仔猪10日龄之前随母猪哺乳;10~35日龄随母猪哺乳,同时补充教槽饲粮;36~65日龄饲喂保育前期饲粮。试验期间,记录每日采食量和腹泻情况,于10、35和65日龄称取空腹体重,计算各阶段平均日采食量(ADFI)、平均日增重(ADG)、料重比(F/G)和腹泻率;于35和65日龄采血,检测血浆生化参数。结果显示:与对照组相比,益生菌组和合生元组65日龄仔猪体重显著增加(P<0.05),10~35日龄、36~65日龄和10~65日龄阶段仔猪腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05),36~65日龄和10~65日龄阶段仔猪ADFI和ADG显著升高(P<0.05),35日龄仔猪血浆总蛋白(TP)含量和碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性显著升高且谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性显著降低(P<0.05),65日龄仔猪血浆TP、白蛋白(ALB)和甘油三酯(TG)含量以及ALP活性显著升高且ALT和谷草转氨酶(AST)活性显著降低(P<0.05);此外,合生元组35日龄仔猪血浆低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)含量、65日龄仔猪血浆总胆固醇(TC)和LDL-C含量显著升高(P<0.05)。与益生菌组相比,合生元组36~65日龄和10~65日龄阶段仔猪ADFI和ADG显著升高(P<0.05),10~35日龄、36~65日龄和10~65日龄阶段仔猪腹泻率显著降低(P<0.05),35日龄仔猪血浆LDL-C含量、65日龄仔猪血浆LDL-C和TC含量以及ALP活性显著升高(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加益生菌或合生元均可改善环江香猪氮代谢和脂代谢相关的血浆生化参数,降低腹泻率,进而提高生长性能。

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary supplementation with probiotics and synbiotics on growth performance and plasma biochemical parameters of Huanjiang mini-piglets.A total of 24 litters of newborn piglets with similar litter size were randomly divided into three groups with eight replicates per group.The piglets in control group were fed a basal diet,and the piglets in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05%Clostridium butyricum(CB,probiotics group)or 0.05%CB+0.02%xylo-oligosaccharides(synbiotics group),respectively.During 1 to 9 days of age,piglets took milk from their mother,during 10 to 35 days of age,piglets took milk from their mother and supplementary fed creep diet;during 36 to 65 days of age,piglets fed early nursery diet.During the experiment,feed intake and diarrhea were recorded daily;fasting body weight was measured at 10,35 and 65 days of age;average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG),feed/gain(F/G)and diarrhea rate were calculated at each stage;blood samples were collected at 35 and 65 days of age to determine plasma biochemical parameters.The results showed that,compared with the control group,the body weight at 65 days of age of piglets in the probiotics group and synbiotics group was significantly increased(P<0.05),the diarrhea rate was significantly decreased during 10 to 35 days of age,36 to 65 days of age and 10 to 65 days of age(P<0.05),and the ADFI and ADG were significantly increased during 36 to 65 days of age and 10 to 65 days of age(P<0.05);at 35 days of age,the plasma total protein(TP)content and alkaline phosphatase(ALP)activity of probiotics group and symbiotics group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the alanine transaminase(ALT)activity was significantly decreased(P<0.05);at 65 days of age,the plasma TP,albumin(ALB),triglyceride(TG)contents and ALP activity of probiotics group and synbiotics group were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the ALT and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)activities were significantly decreased(P<0.05);the low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C)content of symbiotics group was significantly increased at 35 days of age(P<0.05),as well as the total cholesterol(TC)and LDL-C contents at 65 days of age.Compared with the probiotics group,the diarrhea rate was significantly decreased in the synbiotics group during 10 to 35 days of age,36 to 65 days of age and 10 to 65 days of age(P<0.05);the ADFI and ADG were significantly increased in the synbiotics group during 36 to 65 days of age and 10 to 65 days of age(P<0.05);the plasma LDL-C content at 35 days of age was significantly increased in the synbiotics group(P<0.05),as well as plasma LDL-C and TC contents and ALP activity at 65 days of age.In summary,dietary supplementation with probiotics or synbiotics can increase the plasma biochemical parameters related with nitrogen metabolism and lipid metabolism,reduce the diarrhea rate,and then increase the growth performance of Huanjiang mini-piglets.