论中美《友好通商航海条约》酝酿及谈判

On the Formulation and Negotiation of Sino-American Treaty of Friendship,Trade and Navigation

中美《友好通商航海条约》筹议始于新约订立1个月之后。在谈判开始前,美国采取了先发制人的策略,具体表现为:一是美国国务院希望先于中方提出条约草案,以获得主动;二是美国对中国前期准备工作非常了解,中方条约的起草过程对美而言不存在秘密。这两点使得在谈判时中国处于比较被动的地位。商约订立后,中国国内掀起了反对商约的高潮,驻华大使司徒雷登虽予以辩驳,但美国经过抗战在华建立起来的积极形象已经不在。

The Simmering of Sino-American Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation was start one month later after the contract of Treaty. American decided to strike first to gain the initiative before the negotiation.Firstly, the U.S Department of State decided to finish the draft treaty earlier than China;Secondly, American had knew the preparation that had done by China and there was no secrets to American. Such reason landed Chinese government in a passive position. There was a movement against the commercial treaty within China as soon as it was contracted.Though the Ambassador Stuart explained that it was an equal treaty, it was vain. The positive image had gone which was set up during the Anti-Japanese War when the New Commercial Treaty was signed.