多阳离子季铵盐防膨剂的合成及性能研究

Study on synthesis and properties of multi-site cationic quaternary ammonium salt to prevent expansion agent

以3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵与对苯二胺为原料,合成多阳离子季铵盐防膨剂PCQAB。最佳合成条件为:n(3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵)∶n(对苯二胺)=6∶1,反应温度80℃,反应时间7 h。采用离心法和X射线衍射法确定了PCQAB防膨剂的最佳使用浓度为4 g/L,对钠蒙脱石的防膨率高达94.5%,钙蒙脱石的防膨率88.7%,样品的防膨率为65.5%。

Polycationic quaternary ammonium salt swelling inhibitor(PCQAB)was synthesized from 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethylammonium chloride and phenyldimethylamine.The results showed that the optimum synthesis conditions were n(3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride)∶n(p-phenylenediamine)=6∶1;the optimum reaction temperature was 80℃and the reaction time was 7 h.The optimum concentration of PCQAB anti swelling agent was determined by centrifugal method and X-ray diffraction method.The anti expansion rate of PCQAB on Na montmorillonite was 94.5%,calcium montmorillonite was 88.7%,and the anti-inflation rate of sample was 65.5%。