“双循环”新发展格局的国际比较与启示

International Comparison on the“Dual Circulation”New Development Pattern and Its Implications

从美欧日经验看,发达经济体的"双循环"格局存在不同模式,国内循环和国际循环需要关注制造业和服务业的差异性。其中,美国在国内循环和国外循环两个维度都处于最高,主要因其服务业在国内市场和国际市场均具有很高的竞争力,同时在高端制造业领域出口获取了较高的增加值。欧盟整体循环程度与美国类似,但单个经济体的国内循环和国际循环的水平则较低,主要表现为面向欧盟内部国家的循环。欧盟模式对中国构建"双循环"具有借鉴意义,其引申的政策含义包括进一步开放国内市场,营造良好的竞争环境,加快疏通国内大循环的痛点和堵点,推进东亚地区实体经济共同市场建设等。

Based on the experience of United States,European Union and Japan,the"dual circulation"of advanced economies generally presents different characteristics in domestic and international circulations in manufacturing and service sectors.In particular,the United States takes the highest levels in both the domestic economic circulation and the international economic circulation.This kind of circulation is formed since its service industries are with extreme high competitiveness in both the domestic and international markets,and its high-end manufacturing sectors reach high value-added in exports.The overall circulation of the European Union is similar to that of the United States.However,the levels of domestic economic circulation and international economic circulation of single EU members are relatively low,due to their external dependence on the economies within the European Union.The experience of European Union is significant for China to build the"dual circulation".Its extended policy implications include further opening up the domestic market,creating a competitive environment,accelerating internal circulation and a common market in the East Asia.