固态发酵处理餐厨垃圾制备饲料的研究

Study on solid-state fermentation of kitchen waste to produce feedstuff

餐厨垃圾易腐烂但有机物含量高,利用固态发酵技术可将其转化成蛋白饲料从而变废为宝。试验拟从几种食用酵母菌和霉菌中筛选出转化率最高的发酵菌种,通过考察这些菌种在发酵过程中总糖及还原糖的代谢消耗,结合发酵产物中粗蛋白质含量的检测,筛选出黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)F3为最佳菌种。考察了黑曲霉的发酵条件,最优发酵条件为:发酵温度30℃,初始pH 5.3,NaCl添加浓度2.5%,此条件下发酵餐厨垃圾,所得产物粗蛋白质含量为31.53%,与发酵前相比提高22%,能满足蛋白质饲料的蛋白含量要求。

Kitchen waste is perishable and plenty of organic compounds,and it can be transformed into feedstuff by solid-state fermentation,which provides a useful way for the reutilization of food waste.In this study,the target strain was screened from two yeast species and two trichoderma strains for the fermentation efficiency to product protein feedstuff.By production detection of crude protein and consumption detections of total sugar and reducing sugar,Aspergillus niger F3 was screened as the candidate.The results showed that the optimum fermentation process was fermentation temperature 30℃,initial pH 5.3,NaCl 2.5%.Under this condition,the crude protein content in fermentation product reached 31.53%and increased 22%compared with kitchen waste,which is in line with the requirements of the standard protein feedstuff.