枫杨叶挥发油的提取及化学成分研究

Study on extraction and chemical constituents of volatile oil from the leaves of Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC

为了研究枫杨(Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC)叶挥发油的提取工艺及化学成分,采用超声辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取枫杨叶挥发油,利用单因素和正交试验探究了超声时间、蒸馏温度和蒸馏时间对枫杨叶挥发油提取率的影响;使用气相色谱-质谱联用法对提取的挥发油成分进行了分析鉴定。结果表明,超声波辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取枫杨叶挥发油的最优提取工艺为超声功率100 W,超声时间30 min,蒸馏温度为125℃,蒸馏时间7 h,得到枫杨挥发油的提取率为0.04062%。通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术共分析鉴定出56种化学成分,主要包含烯、醇、烷、醛、酮、酯等,占挥发油总量的79.85%,其主要成分为氧化石竹烯(40.56%)、(1S-cis)-1,2,3,5,6,8a-六氢-4,7-二甲基-1-异丙烯基萘(18.29%)和石竹烯(10.22%)。该研究可为开发利用枫杨植物资源以及进一步深入研究提供试验依据。

To investigate the extraction process and chemical compositions of the volatile oil from the leaves of Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC,ultrasonic assisted steam distillation was used to extract the volatile oil.The effects of ultrasonic time,distillation temperature and distillation time on the extraction rate of volatile oil were studied by single factor and orthogonal experiments.The constituents of the volatile oil were analyzed and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions of the volatile oil from the leaves of Pterocarya stenoptera C.DC in Henan province were as follows:ultrasonic time 30 minutes(ultrasonic power 100 W),distillation temperature 125℃,distillation time 7 h.The extraction rate of the volatile oil was 0.04062%.56 chemical constituents were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,They mainly contain caryophyllene oxide(40.56%),(1 S-cis)-1,2,3,5,6,8 a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-naphthalene(18.29%),caryophyllene(10.22%)and so on.This study provides a experimental basis for the utilization and further research of native plant resources.