事件介入政治的四条晚近理路

Four Recent Theoretical Paths of Event Intervention in Politics

事件思想谱系的重要组成部分是对政治的介入。在当代相关欧陆理论取得的成果基础上,关于事件介入政治的思考,晚近出现了涵盖欧陆内外、从宏观渐趋个体的理路,并依次在事件与地球政治、民主政治、生命政治与身体政治的联结中获得图绘:(1)夏皮罗重估尼采的事件论,从基于开端—终结模式的重大事件这一理性框架,撤退回看似寂静、却孕育着人类历史动力的生存政治;(2)南希发展德里达的事件论,阐明民主不是政治形式而是本体论与人类学事实,其基于想象与发明的力量,作为一种共存的事件而呈现共同暴露的独异性;(3)哈特与奈格里辨析福柯与巴迪欧的事件论,用事件阐释生命政治,将生命的反抗理解为自由的创生行动;(4)马苏米拓展德勒兹的事件论,运用拓扑构型从虚拟叠加的角度阐释身体事件,论证其随着经济文化差异而实现政治转导。这些介入理路,有助于深化事件思想超越形而上学因果预设,在动变中获得独异性的现实意义,及其在某种程度上引以为题中之义的诗性政治意味。

An important part of the spectrum of event thought is the intervention in politics.On the basis of the results obtained in contemporary related European theories,there have been several paths that cover the inside and outside of the European continent and gradually approach the individual from the macro perspective.They have been described in the different connections between events and earth politics,democracy,biopolitics and body politics respectively,including(1)Gary Shapiro′s reassessment of Nietzsche′s theory of event,which from the rational framework of major events based on the beginning-end model,retreats back to the survival politics that seems to be quiet but is gestating the driving force of human history;(2)Nancy′s development of Derrida′s theory of event,which clarifies that democracy is not a political form but an ontological and anthropological fact;(3)Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri′s analysis of foucault′s and Badiou′s theory of event,which interprets biopolitics with events,and understands the resistance of life as free creative action;and(4)Brian Massumi′s expansion of Deleuze′s theory of event,which uses topological configuration to interpret physical events from the perspective of virtual superposition and demonstrates that they achieve political transduction along with economic and cultural differences.These paths are helpful to deepen the practical significance of event thought in transcending the metaphysical presupposition of cause and effect and acquiring the singularity in the dynamic change,as well as its poetic political meaning.