印度邻国外交政策的困境及其出路

India’s Neighbour Policy:Dilemma and Way Out

莫迪政府高度重视南亚地区,积极通过政治交流、互联互通建设、经济合作等措施改善与邻国的关系。然而,印度与邻国关系周期性紧张,边界冲突更为频繁和激烈,印度主导的地区经济一体化受挫,且难以阻止邻国与中国扩大合作。莫迪政府邻国外交政策陷入困境,主要原因是印度的绝对安全理念难以保持地区和平与稳定、软实力手段难以支撑印度的地区霸权地位、经济实力难以构建印度主导的地区经济秩序以及邻国外交决策难以摆脱国内政治的干扰和制约。印度走出邻国外交困境,需要调整冲突性政策,更需要改变观念,尊重邻国,重视地区经济一体化并积极构建区域共同体意识。

The Modi government attaches great importance to the South Asian region and has been active in improving relations with its neighbours through political exchanges,connectivity building,economic cooperation and other measures.However,periodic tensions in India’s relations with its neighbours,more frequent and intense border conflicts,and setbacks in India-led regional economic integration have made it difficult to prevent its neighbors from expanding cooperation with China.The Modi government’s foreign policy in neighbouring countries is in trouble mainly because India’s concept of absolute security makes it difficult to maintain regional peace and stability,soft power tools can hardly support India’s regional hegemony,economic power makes it difficult to build an Indianled regional economic order,and foreign policy decisions of neighboring countries can hardly be free from domestic political interference and constraints.In order to overcome the diplomatic dilemma of its neighbours,India needs to adjust its conflict-oriented policy,and more importantly,change its mindset,respect its neighbours,attach importance to regional economic integration and actively build a sense of regional community.