“V得/不过来”结构的语义分析

Sematic Analysis of the Constructions“V De(得)/Bu(不)Guolai(过来)”

运用认知语言学的相关理论,对趋向补语“过来”的语义类别进行分析,并进一步说明结构“V得/不过来”在语义表达上的多种类型,主要包括空间位移型、领属转移型、抽象位移型、时间推移型、情态改变型和行为周遍型。在“V得/不过来”中,由于趋向补语“过来”的语法化程度加深与语义要素的多样性,使得这一结构产生了多种扩展义。

Based on the theories of cognitive linguistics,this paper analyzes the semantic categories of the directional complement“guolai(过来)”and illustrates the semantic expression types of the verb-complement constructions“V de(得)/bu(不)guolai(过来)”,which includes spatial displacement type,possessive transfer type,abstract displacement type,time-lapse type,modal change type and behavioral completed type.Due to the grammaticalization and diversity of semantic elements of“guolai(过来)”,the constructions produce a variety of extended meanings.