规范争论与东盟对“保护的责任”的不同应对

An Analysis of Different Responses of ASEAN on“Responsibility to Protect”:Based on the Perspective of Norm Contestation

区域组织对国际规范的争论过程对规范接受程度具有重要影响,而区域组织对国际规范的争论主要集中于其适用性而非正当性。在不同程度的规范争论过程中,现有研究忽视了特定历史情境、政治文化需求等因素对区域组织的影响,因此区分强适用性规范与弱适用性规范,分析区域组织形塑下的区域规范与国际规范的具体联动过程显得尤为重要。在2008年“纳尔吉斯”风灾和2012年以来的罗兴亚难民危机中,东盟对“保护的责任”规范的应对存在明显差异,这一差异主要是由其在不同情境下规范争论的结果所致。不论何种程度的规范争论,最终都在积极意义或保守意义上巩固而非削弱了东盟规范。有关区域组织国际规范的争论研究对深入理解国际规范在区域的演化进程具有重要作用,同时为理解区域—全球联动关系提供了新的视角。

The contestations among regional organizations on international norms mainly focus on their applicability rather than justification.This process of contestations has a substantial impact on the degree of acceptance of norms.Existing research ignores different levels of norm contestation caused by specific historical situations,and political and cultural needs.Hence,it becomes more important to analyze the strong or weak level of contestation on the applicability of norms between regional norms and international norms.In the“Cyclone Nargis”in 2008 and the Rohingya refugee crisis since 2012,ASEAN had a significant difference in response to“Responsibility to Protect”norm,mainly due to specific implementation of different levels of norm contestation.Regardless of the degree of norm contestation,it ultimately consolidates rather than decomposing the ASEAN norms in a positive or conservative sense.The study of the debate on international norms by regional organizations has a central role in understanding the international norms in the process of regional development and provides a new perspective for understanding regional-global linkages.