微乳液法同步萃取茶油和皂素的工艺条件优化

Optimization of Process Conditions for Simultaneous Extraction of Camellia Oil and Saponin by Microemulsion Method

为筛选最优“正丁醇-水-茶油-皂素”微乳体系制备条件,以乳化效率为指标设计三因素三水平的响应面优化试验,结果显示:各单因素对“正丁醇-水-茶油-皂素”微乳体系形成能力的影响大小依次为:温度>K m值>S/O值,并且温度和S/O值对乳化效率有极显著的交互作用。优化得到最佳制备条件为:温度为76.40℃,1/K m值为161.79,S/O值为8.61∶1,响应面优化提高了微乳形成能力,其结果与模型预测吻合度高,这为同步提取茶籽榨饼中的油、皂素提供了理论依据。以压榨茶籽饼(油质量分数为10.7%,皂素质量分数为17.4%)为原料,在最优条件下,用含水量为23.43%的正丁醇溶液进行微乳化萃取,得到茶油提取率为(93.61±1.67)%,茶皂素提取率为(56.28±1.21)%,该萃取方法显示出较优的提取效率。

In order to screen the optimal preparation conditions of‘n-butanol-water-tea oil-saponin’microemulsion system,response surface test at three factors and three levels were performed by taking emulsification efficiency as inspection index.The results showed that the influence of each single factor on the formation ability of‘n-butanol-water-tea oil-saponin’microemulsion system was as follows:temperature>K m value>S/O value.The interaction between temperature and S/O value mattered a great deal.The experimental results showed that the optimum preparation conditions were 76.40℃ of temperature,161.79 of 1/K m value,8.61:1 of S/O value.Under theseconditions,microemulsionability was greatly improved,thus providing theoretical basis for simultaneous extraction of tea oil and tea saponin.Verification tests were also performed where 23.43% n-butanolsolution was used for extracting pressed tea seed cake within oil(10.7%)and saponin(17.4%)under the optimal process conditions,(93.61±1.67)% oil and(56.28±1.21)%saponin were obtained,which showed better extraction efficiency.