基于灰色关联度分析法综合评价24个绿豆新品种(系)在桂南地区的田间性状表现

Comprehensive evaluation of field traits for 24 new varieties(lines) of mung bean based on grey correlation analysis in southern Guangxi

【目的】采用灰色关联度分析法综合评价24个绿豆新品种(系)在桂南地区的田间性状表现,分析产量与其他性状的关联度,筛选出综合表现优异的绿豆品种(系),为桂南地区及与其生态环境相似地区的绿豆育种和生产提供优良品种。【方法】以2016─2017年参加国家食用豆产业技术体系多点联合鉴定试验的24个绿豆新品种(系)及对照品种中绿5号(CK)为材料,测定14个性状(10个主要农艺性状和4个抗逆性状)的田间表现,确定参考品种的性状表现,采用灰色关联度分析法分析小区产量与其他13个性状的关联度以及参试绿豆品种(系)与参考品种的加权关联度。【结果】小区产量与其他13个性状的关联度顺序为单株粒重(0.8685)>百粒重(0.7997)>荚长(0.7852)>单株荚数(0.7821)>抗青枯病率(0.7634)>单荚粒数(0.7488)>主茎节数(0.7314)>抗倒伏率(0.7194)>主茎分枝(0.7074)>抗晕疫病率(0.6959)>抗叶斑病率(0.6924)>株高(0.6580)>生育天数(0.6278),说明单株粒重对小区产量的影响最大,其次为百粒重和荚长,以生育天数影响最小。基于等权关联度、加权关联度和小区产量对25个绿豆品种(系)进行排名,结果显示,鄂绿5号和冀绿0816排名均分别位于第1名和第2名,综合表现较其他参试品种好;保绿201012-7、中绿5号(CK)、渝黑绿3号、142-139与保绿200810-1 5个品种的等权关联度、加权关联度和产量排名均位于前7名,综合表现也较好。【结论】桂南地区在选育高产绿豆新品种时应选择单株粒重和百粒重较重、粒大、荚长、荚多的亲本材料,同时要兼顾青枯病抗性和单荚粒数等性状。鄂绿5号、冀绿0816、保绿201012-7、渝黑绿3号、142-139和保绿200810-1等6个绿豆新品种(系)适宜在桂南地区及与其生态环境相似地区大面积推广种植。

【Objective】To provide excellent varieties for breeding and production of mung bean in southern Guangxi and other areas with similar ecological environment,the field performance of 24 new mung bean varieties(lines)and the correlation between yield performance and other characters were analyzed by grey correlation analysis in southern Guangxi.【Method】Twenty-four new mung bean varieties(lines)and control variety Zhonglü5(CK),which participated in the multi-point joint identification test of China Agriculture Research System on Food Legume from 2016 to 2017,were used as materials to determine the field performance of 14 personality traits(including 10 main agronomic traits and 4 stress resistance traits),then the character performance of reference varieties was determined,and the correlation between the plot yield and other 13 traits and the correlation degree of the characters and the weighted correlation degree between the tested mung bean varieties(lines)and the reference varieties were analyzed by grey correlation analysis.【Result】The order of correlation degree between plot yield and other 13 traits was grain weight per plant(0.8685)>100-seed weight(0.7997)>pod length(0.7852)>pod number per plant(0.7821)>resistance rate to bacterial wilt(0.7634)>grain number per pod(0.7488)>node number of main stem(0.7314)>lodging resistance rate(0.7194)>main stem branch(0.7074)>resistance rate to halo blight(0.6959)>resistance rate to leaf spot(0.6924)>plant height(0.6580)>growth days(0.6278).Grain weight per plant had the greatest effect on plot yield,followed by 100-seed weight and pod length,and growth days had the least effect.Based on equal weight correlation degree,weighted correlation degree and plot yield,25 mung bean varieties(lines)were ranked.The results showed that Elü5 and Jilü0816 ranked the first and the second respectively,and their comprehensive performance was better than other tested varieties;the five varieties Baolü201012-7,Zhonglü5(CK),Yuheilü3,142-139 and Baolü200810-1 also ranked in the top 7 in terms of equal weight correlation degree,weighted correlation degree and yield.【Conclusion】When breeding new mung bean varieties with high yield in southern Guangxi,parents with heavy grain weight per plant and 100-seed weight,large grain,long pod and many pods should be selected,and the resistance to bacterial wilt and the number of grains per pod should be considered.Six new varieties(lines)of mung bean,Elü5,Jilü0816,Baolü201012-7,Yuheilü3,142-139 and Baolü200810-1,are suitable for largescale planting in southern Guangxi and areas with similar ecological environment.