基于LCZ的湿热地区典型城市局部空间格局特性研究

An LCZ-based Spatial Pattern Characteristic Analysis of Typical Urban Local Areas in Hot-humid Regions

城市化建设的快速发展使得城市街区尺度区域形成了复杂多样的空间格局,影响了城市局部区域的微气候特性。本文从量化城市地表要素对局地气候影响的视角出发,提出了基于街区边界和区域内空间特性指标计算的局部气候分区(Local Climate Zone,LCZ)划分方法,该方法面向街区单元,较好地描述了街区尺度局部区域的精细化空间格局。以湿热地区典型的人工生态城区(广州大学城)及典型中心商务区(珠江新城)为例,利用所提出的LCZ划分法构建了两个案例区域的LCZ分布图,以及建筑空间形态与下垫面布局特性指标分布图集。从图集对比结果可知,大学城主要以开敞式中层建筑为主,而珠江新城则以紧凑型高层建筑为主。城市区域LCZ空间特性参数的可视化表达将为街区小气候分布规律的量化研究和气候适宜型生态城市建设提供数据基础和理论依据。

The rapid development of urbanization has formed complex diversified spatial layouts in urban-scale city blocks.This phenomenon has influenced the micro-climate characteristics of urban local areas.From the view of quantifying the effects of urban surface elements on local climate,this study proposes a new spatial characteristic indicator-based local climate zone dividing method by considering city blocks’boundaries.This method,facing the city block unit,could better describe the refined spatial patterns of city block-scale local areas.This study takes the man-made ecological urban region-Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center(GHEMC)and the typical central business district-Pearl River New Town(PRNT)as examples,and builds the LCZ distribution maps and the distribution atlas of building spatial pattern and underlying surface layout characteristic indicators in these two sample regions by using the proposed LCZ division method.Comparison results show that the GHEMC mainly consists of open middle-rise buildings while PRNT is mainly composed of compact high-rise buildings.Visualization expressions of urban regional LCZ spatial characteristic parameters would provide data basis and theoretical evidence for quantitative research of city block micro-climate distribution laws and climate-friendly ecological urban construction.