2010-2019年山东省梅毒流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics and trend of Syphilis infection in Shandong province,2010 to 2019

目的:了解山东省梅毒流行特征及趋势,为梅毒防治措施的制定提供科学依据。方法:对2010-2019年山东省16个地级市报告的梅毒病例资料进行流行病学分析,描述梅毒报告病例的三间分布,计算发病率、构成比、年均增长率,采用χ^2趋势检验分析梅毒的发病趋势。结果:山东省梅毒报告发病率由2010年6.15/105增至2019年20.24/105,呈逐年增长趋势(χ^2=12475.40,P<0.01),年均增长率为14.15%。其中,隐性梅毒占比增长最快,由2010年的31.98%增至2019年的74.28%。高发地区为鲁东半岛的威海市、青岛市及鲁南地区的枣庄市,年均报告发病率在20/105以上。各年女性报告病例数均多于男性,男女性别比为0.89∶1。从年龄分布来看,20~35岁人群梅毒报告病例数占比最多,占总病例数的39.41%;60~79岁人群报告发病率增速最快,年均增长率为22.82%。20类职业中,农民报告病例数最多,占43.94%。结论:山东省梅毒报告发病率呈较快增长,其中隐性梅毒增长尤为迅速。需加强梅毒筛查和防治,特别是高发地区及高发人群。

Objective:To explore the characteristics and trends of syphilis infection in Shandong province,providing scientific evidence for the control strategy of syphilis.Methods:The data of the patients with syphilis from 16 prefecture-level cities in Shandong province from 2010 to 2019 were analyzed,including incidence,proportion,annual growth rate and distribution.Chi-square test was used to explore the incidence trend of syphilis.Results:The incidence of syphilis increased from 6.15 per 100 thousand in 2010 to 20.24 per 100 thousand in 2019,showing a year-on-year growth trend(χ^2=12475.40,P<0.01),with an average annual growth rate of 14.15%.In particular,the cases of latent syphilis showed the fastest rate of growth,from 31.98%in 2010 to 74.28%in 2019.The high-incidence areas were Weihai,Qingdao in the eastern coastal area,and the Zaozhuang in the southern area,with an average annual incidence of more than 20 per 100 thousand person-years.The number of female patients was higher than that of males,with an average male/female ratio of 0.89∶1.The peak age was 20-35 years,accounting for 39.41%,and the incidence increased the fastest in the cases of 60-79 years,with an average annual growth rate of 22.82%.Of the 20 occupational groups,peasant was the most(43.94%).Conclusion:The incidence of syphilis,especially latent syphilis,in Shandong Province increase rapidly.It is necessary to strengthen the screening of syphilis,especially in the high incidence areas and high incidence population.