文化诗学视域下王国维“想象”批评说

Wang Guowei’s Criticism of“Imagination”from the Perspective of Cultural Poetics

王国维《屈子文学之精神》中的“想象”,是化合了中西方意涵而形成的批评术语,不同于在中国古籍中的“回忆”“回想”之意,“想象”一词在经历中外交流过程后,具有了自觉能动的创造性意涵。这里的“想象”作为文学的原质,与构思、创作中的原始思维方式、人生理想相关联,成为文学批评中最重要的标准之一。王国维的“想象”批评说突破了以儒家思想规范为主的批评标准、以考证注疏为主的批评方式,很大程度上改变了我国文论的基本面貌,推动了中国文论的现代性转型。

“Imagination”in Wang Guowei’s The Spirit of Qu Zi’s Literature is a critical term formed by combining the Chinese and Western meanings.It is different from the meaning of“recalling”and“recalling”in ancient Chinese books.The word“imagination”has the creative meaning of selfconsciousness and initiative after experiencing the process of communication between China,West,Japan and China.As the original quality of literature,“imagination”here is related to the original mode of thinking and life ideal in conception and creation,and has become one of the most important standards in literary criticism.Wang Guowei’s“imagination”criticism theory breaks through the criticism standard mainly based on the Confucian thought and the criticism method mainly based on textual research and annotation.It has greatly changed the basic appearance of Chinese literary theory and promoted the modern transformation of Chinese literary theory.