精神分裂症康复期病人家长亲密关系现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the status quo and influencing factors of close relationship between parents of patients with schizophrenia during rehabilitation

目的:了解精神分裂症康复期病人家长的亲密关系现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:使用一般资料问卷、亲密关系经历量表、简版亲密关系满意度量表,对2017年1月—2018年6月在我院住院的80例精神分裂症康复期病人家长进行问卷调查。结果:精神分裂症康复期病人家长依恋回避因子得分(62.05±10.15)分,依恋焦虑因子得分(61.35±7.11)分,亲密关系满意度得分(35.08±1.93)分。根据患儿线性判别公式计算成人依恋类型,本研究中安全型8例(10%),恐惧型40例(50%),专注型10例(12.5%),冷漠型22例(27.5%)。不同依恋类型家长的亲密关系满意度两两比较,结果显示:专注型与安全型的病人家长亲密关系满意度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);专注型与恐惧型的病人家长亲密关系满意度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。此外,不同性别的亲密关系满意度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不同依恋类型、不同性别的精神分裂症康复病人家长在亲密关系满意度体验上存在明显差异。因此,在临床工作中,应重视对病人家长心理上的引导,使促进其他依恋类型向专注型的合理转化。同时,应给予女性家长更多的情感支持,促进其心态调整,从而更好地处理与精神分裂症康复期患儿之间的亲密关系。

Objective:To understand the status quo of the close relationship between the parents of patients with schizophrenics during the rehabilitation period and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:The parents of 80 patients with schizophrenics in our hospital from January 2017 to June 2018 were investigated with General Information Questionnaire,Experiences in Close Relationship Scale(ECR),and Quality of Relationship Index-Short Form(QRI-S).Results:The parents of patients with schizophrenics had scores of(62.05±10.15)in attachment avoidance factor,(61.35±7.11)in attachment anxiety factor,and(35.08±1.93)in intimacy satisfaction.According to Fisher′s linear discriminant formula,the adult attachment type in this study was calculated,including 8 cases of safety type(10%),40 cases of fear type(50%),10 cases of focus type(12.5%),and 22 cases of indifference type(27.5%).After comparison between two groups on the satisfaction between parents with different attachment types,the results showed that there was a significant difference between focus type and safe type(P<0.05),and focus type and fear type(P<0.05).Besides,there was a significant difference in the satisfaction of close relationships between different genders(P<0.05).Conclusions:There were significant differences in the satisfaction experience of the close relationship between parents of patients with schizophrenics with different attachment types and gender.Therefore,in the clinical work,we should pay attention to the psychological guidance of the parents of patients,to promote the reasonable transformation of other attachment types to focus type.At the same time,more emotional support should be given to female parents to promote their psychological adjustment,to better deal with the close relationship between children with schizophrenia during the rehabilitation period.