土壤基质调理剂对障碍土壤改良及叶菜生长的影响

Effects of Soil Substrate Conditioners on Improvement of Obstacle Soil and Leafy Vegetable Growth

[目的]有效利用有机废弃物资源并解决设施障碍土壤的酸化、盐渍化等问题。[方法]将醋糟和菇渣生物基质按体积3∶1混合形成土壤基质调理剂,施用390 m^(3)/hm^(2)与耕作层土壤混匀后,种植小白菜和生菜。[结果]土壤基质调理剂使用后种植小白菜和生菜的土壤pH分别增加提高0.34和0.23,EC分别降低0.68和0.42 mS/cm,有机碳含量分别增加3.25和5.43 g/kg,速效氮含量分别增加0.59和1.99 mg/kg,速效磷含量分别增加22.81和102.21 mg/kg,速效钾含量分别增加178.03和123.63 mg/kg。基质调理剂有效地缓解了设施障碍土壤酸化和盐渍化,且提高了土壤养分含量和酶活性。与对照相比,种植小白菜和生菜分别增产5.49%和19.35%。[结论]醋糟和菇渣生物基质调理剂(3∶1体积比混合)可改良障碍土壤、显著促进叶菜生长。

[Objective]To effectively use organic residues resources and solve the problem of acidification and salinization of facility obstacle soil.[Method]Vinegar substrate and mushroom residues substrate were mixed in 3∶1 volume to form a soil substrate conditioner.Chinese cabbage and lettuce were grown after application of 390 m^(3)/hm^(2) substrate conditioner to mix with the soil of the tillage layer.[Result]After using the soil substrate conditioner,the soil pH of cabbage and lettuce plants increased by 0.34 and 0.23,EC decreased by 0.68 and 0.42 mS/cm,and the organic carbon content increased by 3.25 and 5.43 g/kg,respectively.The available nitrogen content increased by 0.59 and 1.99 mg/kg,the available phosphorus content increased by 22.81 and 102.21 mg/kg,and the available potassium content increased by 178.03 and 123.63 mg/kg,respectively.The substrate conditioner effectively relieved the acidification and salinization of the facility soil and increased the soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity.Compared with the control,yield of cabbage and lettuce increased by 5.49%and 19.35%,respectively.[Conclusion]Vinegar and mushroom residue substrate conditioner(3∶1 volume ratio mixing)can improve the obstacle soil and significantly promote the growth of leafy vegetable.