考虑换乘客流的城轨应急接运公交调度优化模型

Optimization model of bus bridging scheduling with passengers transferring from urban rail transit

针对突发运营中断下城市轨道交通与应急接运公交的换乘接续问题,考虑换乘客流的脉冲性特征,提出应急接运公交时刻表和行车计划综合优化模型.首先,分析城市轨道交通与应急接运公交的换乘接续关系,引入乘客容忍度判断接续是否有效.然后,建立双层规划模型,上层为时刻表优化模型,以换乘等车时间和换乘失败人数最小为目标,下层为行车计划优化模型,以公交运营成本最小为目标,并设计改进的模拟退火算法进行求解.最后,以上海轨道交通10号线进行算例分析.结果表明:与等间隔时刻表相比,提出的模型使总成本减少13.7%,乘客等车时间减少14.1%,换乘失败人数减少54.9%.

To solve the problem of transfer coordination between urban rail transit(URT)and emergency feeder bus under metro disruption,considering the impulse characteristics of transfer passengers,an integrated optimization model of emergency feeder bus timetable and vehicle scheduling is proposed.First,the transfer connection between URT and emergency feeder bus is analyzed,and the effectiveness of the connection is determined according to the passenger tolerance.Then,the problem is formulated as a bi-level programming model.The upper model is to optimize bus timetable minimizing transfer waiting time and the number of failed transfers;the lower model is to optimize vehicle scheduling with the goal of minimum operation cost.A simulated-annealing(SA)-based heuristic algorithm is employed to solve the proposed model and generate approximate optimal solutions.In the case study of Line10 of Shanghai Metro,compared with the even-headway timetable,the proposed model can reduce total cost by 13.7%,passenger waiting time by 14.1%,and the number of failed transfers by 54.9%.