高性能超级电容器用药渣基氮掺杂分级多孔炭的制备

Drug Residue-Derived Nitrogen-Doped Hierarchical Porous Carbon for High Performance Supercapacitors

利用合成盐酸林可霉素原料药及衍生物所产生的药渣为原料,通过一步炭化和活化法制备药渣基氮掺杂分级多孔炭(DNHPC)。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、X射线衍射、氮气吸脱附对DNHPC的形貌、物质结构、成分、比表面积及孔径分布进行表征,并在三电极体系中以6 mol·L-1的KOH水溶液为电解液对DNHPC的电化学性能测试。结果表明DNHPC具有较高的比较面积(1269 m^2·g^-1)和氮掺杂量(5.3%),并表现出优异的倍率性能和循环稳定性。当电流密度为0.25 A·g^-1时,其质量比电容高达263 F·g^-1,当电流密度高达20 A·g^-1时,其质量比电容能够达到180 F·g^-1,质量比电容保持率高达68.4%,而且经过3000次充放电循环(10 A·g^-1)的电容保持率高达93%。

Nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon is produced from residues derived from the synthesis of lincomycin hydrochloride and its derivatives,through a one-step combine carbonization and activation treatment.The morphology,material structure,composition,specific surface area and pore size distribution of drug residue-derived nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon(DNHPC)are characterized by scanning electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,nitrogen adsorption and desorption.The electrochemical properties of DNHPC are tested in a three-electrode system using the 6 mol·L^-1 KOH as the electrolyte.The DNHPC exhibits an high specific surface area(1980 m^2·g^-1)and rich N-doping(5.3%),as well as the high rate capability and the high cycling stability.DNHPC exhibits a rather high specific capacitance of 263 F·g^-1 at a current density of 0.25 A·g^-1 and still remains 180 F·g^-1 at 20 A·g^-1,indicating high rate capability of 68.4%.The capacitance retention of 93% was achieved even after charging/discharging for 3000 cycles at 10 A·g^-1,demonstrating the excellent cycling stability.