开放大国自由贸易区平台建设的优势与短板:以海南省为例

Advantages and Weaknesses: the Platform Construction of Inland Free Trade Zones in a Large Opening Country

从市场规模优势利用新视角,以海南自由贸易区建设为例,研究相对封闭型的自由贸易区平台建设优势与短板问题.开放大国的自由贸易区建设实际上是对国内超大规模市场的利用,而双边供需市场条件、市场主体条件和平台支撑者条件是影响自由贸易区建设利用国内超大规模市场优势的三大条件;但海南自由贸易区建设在双边市场条件上存在外需导向型市场发展受限、内需主导型市场准备不足、省内供给市场体量过小等短板;在市场主体条件上存在微观企业生产率水平低、创新能力偏低等准备不足短板;在平台支持条件上存在缺乏支点产业支持短板.当前需要高度重视微观基础准备不足的问题,加大双边供需市场的培育和发展,为企业主体提供好的制度环境和营商环境,打造支点产业和优势企业,是相对封闭型自由贸易区有效利用起国内超大规模市场优势的有效路径.

From the perspective of utilizing the advantages of market scale and taking the construction of Hainan Free Trade Area as an example,this paper studies the advantages and disadvantages on the construction of closed free trade area( FTA). The results show that the construction of FTA in a big opening country is to take advantage of the super-scaledomestic market,and bilateral supply and demand market,market players and platform supporters are the three conditions of utilizing the advantages of the domestic super-large market,which influence the construction of FTA. However,in terms of bilateral market conditions,there are some weak points in Hainan FTA,including limited development of external demand-oriented market,insufficient preparation of domestic demand-oriented market,and limited volume of market supply within the province. In terms of market players,enterprises have some deficiencies,such as lower productivity,lower innovation ability and so on. In terms of platform support,there is also a lack of supports from fulcrum industry. At present,it is necessary to attach great importance to micro-foundation preparation. And for taking the advantage of domestic super-scale market in closed FTA,there should be effective ways to increase the cultivation and development of supply and demand markets,provide enterprises with a good institutional and business environment,and build supporting industries and competitive enterprises.