“三全育人”视角下高职院校新生心理健康状况调查及对策研究

Investigation and Research on Mental Health Status of Freshmen in Colleges from the Perspective of All-round Development Education

为了解高职新生的心理健康状况,提高心理健康教育的有效性,对浙江国际海运职业技术学院2316名2020级新生,采用问卷调查与实际访谈相结合的形式进行了调查。调查显示:(1)2020级新生存在不同程度的心理问题的比例为3%;(2)存在心理问题学生中城市、乡镇学生的比例高于农村学生,独生子女的比例略高于非独生子女;(3)家庭问题是学生心理问题的主要原因;(4)存在不同程度的自杀风险或确诊罹患精神障碍或疑似罹患精神障碍问题的学生明显增加。在分析调查结果基础上,提出干预对策:建设好健康教育与咨询中心,发挥团队合作力;加强家校联动机制,形成育人合力;建立医校合作机制,及时做好转介治疗工作;重视四级心理健康教育的工作网络体系等。

In order to understand the mental health status of freshmen in colleges and improve the effectiveness of mental health education,a questionnaire survey was carried out by interviewing 2316 freshmen enrolled in 2020 in Zhejiang International Maritime College.The results showed that(1)the proportion of freshmen with different degrees of mental problems is 3%;(2)the proportion of students with psychological problems in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas,and the proportion of only child is slightly higher than that of nononly child;(3)family problems are the main reasons for students’psychological problems;(4)there is a significant increase in the number of students at different levels of suicide risk or diagnosed or suspected to suffer from mental disorders.Based on the analysis of the survey results,the intervention countermeasures:building a good health education and consultation center,giving play to the team cooperation;strengthening the association of parents and schools are put forward.