流动赋权:外出务工经历与农村女性劳动力就业质量

Mobile Empowerment:Migrant Working Experience and the Employment Quality of Returning Female Migrant Workers

利用2018年中国劳动力动态调查(CLDS)数据,从女性经济赋权的理论视角探讨城市流动经历对返乡女性非农就业选择和收入的影响。实证结果表明:流动经历一定程度上改变了农村女性的就业观念,提高了女性的经济赋权地位,但在城乡二元结构的背景下,广大农村地区相对欠发达的工业发展基础一定程度上制约了返乡女性独自获取经济资本和参加就业的机会,降低了其收入,从而影响了返乡女性经济赋权和职业地位的获得。因此,促进农村地区工业产业发展以吸纳更多女性就业,同时加强对农村女性的就业培训、完善女性就业制度保障是促进返乡女性经济赋权和家庭地位提升的重要途径。

Based on the date of 2018 China Labor Force Dynamics Survey(CLDS),this paper discusses the impact of urban working experience on non-agricultural employment choice and income of returning women from the theoretical perspective of women’s economic empowerment.The empirical results show that the mobile working experience has changed the employment concept of rural women to a certain extent and improved their economic empowerment status.However,under the background of the dual structure of urban and rural areas,the relatively underdeveloped industrial foundation in the vast rural areas has restricted their opportunities of being employed and gained economic independence,which has also affected their economic empowerment and professional employment chances.Therefore,revitalizing and developing the modern industry in rural areas to absorb more female employment,strengthening employment training and improving the employment security system are important ways to promote the economic empowerment and family status of returning women.