当代俄罗斯电子战产品主要研制单位及装备发展综述

A survey of the main research and development units for electronic warfare products and equipment development in contemporary Russia

作为现代战场的核心内容之一,无线电电子战产品已成为近几十年来发展异常迅速的一类军事装备。俄罗斯的军事装备历经车臣战争、俄格冲突、叙利亚战争和俄乌冲突等众多实战检验并不断得到完善,正逐渐展现出强大的军事威慑力,而电子战设备就是俄罗斯重点发展且成效显著的“不对称”战力方向之一。西方专家普遍认为电子战系统是俄军最危险的武器装备之一,可见其水平已属国际领先水平。本文介绍了当代俄罗斯对无线电电子战内容的理解、俄罗斯电子战产品的主要研制单位和发展现状,重点分析了俄罗斯近30年来最知名的陆、海、空电子战装备的分类、组成、指标和功能等,对俄罗斯电子战未来的技术发展趋势进行了预测,以期为国内电子战装备和技术发展提供借鉴。

As one of the core contents of modern battlefields,radio electronic warfare products have become a very important type of military equipment that has developed extremely rapidly in recent decades.Russian military equipment has gone through many actual combats such as the Chechnya War,the Russia-Georgia Conflict,the Syrian Civil War,and the Russia-Ukraine Conflict,and it has been continuously improved,with its strong military deterrence gradually shown.And electronic warfare equipment is one of the“asymmetric”directions in which the Russian military equipment is developed with remarkable achievements.Western experts generally believe that the electronic warfare system is one of the most dangerous military equipment of the Russian military with world-leading level.This paper introduces the contemporary Russia’s understanding of the content of radio electronic warfare,the main research and development units and development status quo of contemporary Russia’s EW products.It mainly focuses on the analysis of the classifications,compositions,specifications and functions of Russia’s most famous ground,shipborne and airborne electronic warfare equipment in the past 30 years.It also forecasts the technology development trend of Russia’s electronic warfare in future,which can shed light on development of domestic EW Technology.