离子液体在车用燃油萃取脱硫中的研究进展

Research Progress in Extraction Desulfurization of Vehicle Fuel by Ionic Liquids

离子液体具有独特的物理和化学特性,它在萃取脱硫时具有条件温和、操作简单、耗时较短、耗能较低等优点,因而离子液体在燃料脱硫中具有广阔的应用前景。本文介绍了离子液体的性质,离子液体的应用范围,综述了低共熔类离子液体、咪唑类离子液体、吡啶类离子液体、聚合物类离子液体、哌嗪类离子液体、季铵盐类离子液体、吗啉类离子液体在车用燃料脱硫中的最新研究状况,对比分析了各类离子液体的优缺点。描述了离子液体的脱硫机理和再生方法,并指出各类离子液体在脱硫中所存在的一些问题。最后,指出找到一种绿色、廉价、脱硫率高、选择性好、再生性能优良的离子液体将是今后离子液体在车用燃油脱硫行业中的发展方向。

Ionic liquids with unique physical and chemical properties possess the advantages of mild conditions,simple operation,short time consumption and low energy consumption during the extraction desulfurization process of fuels.Therefore,ionic liquids have broad application prospects in fuel desulfurization.This paper introduces the properties and application scope of ionic liquids,and reviews the latest researches of ionic liquids in vehicle fuel desulfurization,including eutectic ionic liquids,imidazole ionic liquids,pyridine ionic liquids,polymer ionic liquids,piperazine ionic liquids,quaternary ammonium ionic liquids,and morpholine ionic liquids.The advantages and disadvantages of various ionic liquids in the extraction desulfurization process of fuels were compared and analyzed.The desulfurization mechanism and regeneration method of ionic liquids were described.Some deficiencies of various ionic liquids during the desulfurization process were also discussed.Finally,this paper points out that fabricating a kind of ionic liquid with green,cheap,high desulfurization rate,good selectivity and excellent regeneration performance will be the development direction in the vehicle fuel desulfurization industry in the future.