汉字位置加工和词边界效应的认知机制

The cognitive mechanism of Chinese character position processing and word boundary effect

在中文阅读中,为了进行词汇识别,需要对汉字在词中的相对顺序进行加工,即汉字位置加工。汉字位置加工是词汇识别和阅读理解的重要环节。如果汉字位置未得到加工,可转置词将很难被区分。可转置词由相同汉字构成,但每个汉字所处位置不同。以往研究发现,词内汉字位置加工是比较灵活的;而且词边界信息会影响汉字位置的加工,即汉字位置加工存在词边界效应。该效应产生的原因及影响因素有哪些?本项目采用眼动追踪技术,在自然阅读中系统探讨如下三个问题:(1)词的首/尾汉字如何调节汉字位置加工过程;(2)嵌套词和歧义词边界如何影响汉字位置加工;(3)语境合理性和预测性如何影响汉字位置加工的词边界效应。本项目将为首个中文汉字位置加工模型的建立提供数据支持和科学基础,推进现有的中文词汇识别和词切分模型的进一步完善,并为词汇的高效率教授与学习提供科学指导。

In visual word recognition of Chinese words,it is necessary to process the relative order of Chinese characters in words,i.e.,processing of the position of Chinese characters.The processing of the position of Chinese characters is important for word recognition and reading comprehension.If the position of Chinese characters is not processed,it would be difficult to distinguish and recognize transposable words.Transposable words are composed of the same Chinese characters,but the order of Chinese characters is different between words.Previous studies have found that the processing of the position of Chinese characters is more flexible within a word.In addition,the word boundary information affects the processing of the position of Chinese characters,that is,the processing of the position of Chinese characters has a word boundary effect.Which factors affect the word boundary effect of Chinese character position processing?In this project,the following three issues will be investigated systematically by using the eye tracking technique:(1)How do the initial/final characters of a word modulate the processing of Chinese character position?(2)How do the word boundaries of embedded words and ambiguous words affect Chinese character position processing?(3)How do word plausibility and predictability affect the word boundary effect of Chinese character position processing?The present project will provide new insights into the construction of character position processing model in Chinese,and promote modification of the model of Chinese word segmentation and word recognition.Furthermore,the findings will provide us scientific guidance for efficient vocabulary teaching and learning.