儿童过敏性紫癜近5年临床特点变化及影响预后因素分析

Changes in Clinical Features and Prognostic Factors of Allergic Purpura in Children in the Past Five Years

目的分析儿童过敏性紫癜近5年临床特点变化及影响预后因素。方法本次研究对象为我院2014年1月至2019年1月收治的500例儿童过敏性紫癜患儿,对所有患儿的临床基础资料及影响预后的相关因素进行回顾性分析。结果500例过敏性紫癜患儿中,男性患儿明显多于女性患儿,主要发病年龄在3~14岁,2014~2019年发病率逐年呈上升趋势;1月、10月、11月、12月为该疾病的高发期;从临床症状来看,皮肤紫癜+腹痛患儿最多,占比30.80%;血、尿、粪便常规检查结果显示,52.94%的患儿出现D二聚体升高,44.87%的患儿出现IgA值升高情况。其中有45例患儿出现肾脏损害情况,16例被误诊,经对症治疗后所有患儿病情均有好转。结论过敏性紫癜患儿的临床特点变化与其性别、年龄以及时间都有关系,并且随着病程深入,对各个脏器的损伤会加重,因此,为了提升治疗效果,改善患儿预后,应该准确进行诊断,并做到早发现、早干预、早治疗。

Objective to observe the changes of clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of allergic purpura in children in the past five years.Methods a total of 500 children with allergic purpura admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to January 2019 were studied retrospectively.Results Among the 500 children with allergic purpura,there are significantly more male children than females.The main age of onset is 3-14 years old.The incidence rate has been increasing year by year from 2014 to 2019;January,October,November,and December are the high-incidence period of the disease;from the perspective of clinical symptoms,children with purpura skin+abdominal pain accounted for 30.80%;routine examinations of blood,urine,and stool showed that 52.94%of children had elevated D dimer,and 44.87%of children has an elevated IgA value.Among them,45 children had kidney damage,and 16 were misdiagnosed.After symptomatic treatment,all children’s condition improved.Conclusion The clinical characteristics of children with allergic purpura are related to their gender,age and time,and with the deepening of the course of disease,the damage to various organs will aggravate.Therefore,in order to improve the treatment effect and the prognosis of children,we should make accurate diagnosis,and achieve early detection,early intervention and early treatment.