北冰洋海冰年际变化规律探讨

Study on the Interannual Variation of Arctic Sea Ice

随着全球气候的变暖,北极地区的冰雪正在快速消融,根据近几十年卫星的观测数据资料发现,北冰洋的海冰覆盖正在逐年的缩减。夏季融冰期的海冰覆盖面积减小率大于冬季结冰期的海冰面积减小率,在面积缩小的同时其厚度也在逐年减小。7月~10月的融冰期已经实现了商船沿北极航道的通行。掌握和了解北冰洋海冰变化的规律,有助于人类更好地开发利用保护北冰洋,同时对人类社会的经济发展和军事应用起到积极促进作用。

The ice and snow of arctic area are melting rapidly with global warming.The arctic ice are reducing year after year based on recent decades of satellite observations.The decrease rate of sea ice cover in summer melting period is greater than that in winter ice period,as the sea ice area shrinks,its thickness also decreases year by year.The merchant ship has sailed successfully through the arctic shipping routes in the melting period from July to October,which can be explited and protected the arctic ocean better by mastering and understanding the law of sea ice change.In the meantime,it plays an active role in promoting the economic development and military application of human society.