中国四省市学生ICT胜任力的表现及影响因素——基于PISA 2015 ICT精熟度问卷数据的分析

ICT Competence Performance and Influencing Factors of Students in Four Provinces and Cities of China--Analysis of ICT Familiarity Questionnaire Data Based on PISA 2015

信息素养是学生生存和发展的基本素养,对信息通信技术(ICT)的胜任力是反映学生信息素养的重要指标。基于PISA 2015中的ICT精熟度问卷数据,对中国四省市学生的ICT胜任力表现进行分析,考查中国学生的ICT资源、ICT使用情况以及ICT兴趣对其ICT胜任力的影响。结果发现:中国四省市学生的ICT胜任力在参测的48个国家和地区中排名靠后;不同性别、不同年级学生的ICT胜任力存在显著差异;家庭ICT资源对学生ICT胜任力有显著的正向预测作用;学生在学校使用ICT越多、在家使用ICT做作业越多,学生的ICT胜任力越高;学生的ICT兴趣越高,他们的ICT胜任力越高,学生的ICT兴趣对他们的ICT胜任力影响最大。为了提高我国学生的ICT胜任力,教育行政部门、学校、教师应充分重视ICT教育,完善ICT素养测评体系;扩大对ICT资源的投入,为学生更多地接触电子设备提供条件;加大ICT和电子设备的使用频率,在教育实践中逐步融入信息素养教育;着力培养学生对信息技术的兴趣,提高他们的ICT胜任力。

Information literacy is the basic quality for the survival and development of students,and the competence of information and communication technology(ICT)is an important indicator reflecting students’information literacy.Based on the ICT familiarity questionnaire data in PISA 2015,this paper analyzes the ICT competence performance of students in four provinces and cities in China,and examines the influence of Chinese students’ICT resources,ICT usage and ICT interest on their ICT competence.The results show that the ICT competence of students from four provinces and cities in China ranks in the latter part among the 48 countries and regions surveyed.There are significant differences in ICT competence among students of different genders and grades in four provinces and cities.Family ICT resources have a significant forward prediction effect on students’ICT competence;the more students use ICT at school and the more they use ICT at home for homework,the higher their ICT competence.The higher students’interest in ICT,the higher their ICT competence,and students’interest in ICT has the greatest impact on their ICT competence.In order to improve the ICT competence of Chinese students,educational administrative departments,schools and teachers should pay full attention to ICT education and improve the assessment system of ICT literacy.They are supposed to expand input in ICT resources to provide conditions for students to have more access to electronic devices;meanwhile,they have to increase the use frequency of ICT and electronic equipment,and gradually integrate information literacy education into educational practice;finally,they should focus on cultivating students’interest in information technology and improving their ICT competence.