后扶贫时代职业教育贫困治理:分析框架与策略选择

Poverty Governance in Vocational Education in the Post-Poverty Reduction Era:An Analysis Framework and Strategies

到2020年,我国现行标准下的农村贫困人口将全部脱贫,这意味着我国即将进入后扶贫时代。在后扶贫时代,我国的贫困治理对象、贫困治理重点、贫困治理范式、贫困治理路径都将发生转变,职业教育贫困治理的逻辑与思路也将随之发生变化。这就是要以乡村振兴为依据和动力,注重激发贫困群体内生动力,促进贫困群体人力资本积累。为此,必须构建城乡融合的职业教育贫困治理体系,积极应对"流动贫困"现象发生;建立重点面向弱势群体的教育培训制度,赋予贫困群体"可行能力"资本;基于大数据技术治理手段设计培训方案,提升职业教育培训精准扶贫效能;积极实施"意愿校正"的减贫策略,根除贫困群体消极的"贫困接纳"文化。

By 2020,all of the rural poor by the current standard will be lifted out of poverty.This prediction indicates that China will soon enter the post-poverty reduction era,which would lead to changes in the object,key points,paradigm,and governance path.The logic and thinking of poverty governance in vocational education will change accordingly.This change calls for a rethinking of rural revitalization as the basis and driving force,focusing on stimulating the endogenous driving force of the poor and increasing the accumulation of human capital of the poor.Therefore,it is necessary to build a poverty governance system of integrated vocational education in urban and rural areas and actively deal with"floating poverty".Efforts are also needed to build education and training systems targeting vulnerable groups and empowering the poor with"feasible capacity".Moreover,big data governance methods can be adopted in training program design to improve the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation through vocational education and training.Active efforts are also required to implement the poverty reduction strategy of"willingness correction"and eradicate the negative"poverty acceptance"culture among the poor.