钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响

Effects of sodium levels and forms on growth performance,carcass characteristics and serum mineral levels of broilers

文章旨在评估日粮钠水平及种类对肉鸡生长性能、胴体性状及血清矿物质水平的影响。试验选择平均初始体重一致的白羽肉仔鸡832只,随机分为8组,每组4个重复,每个重复26只鸡。试验日粮采用4×2因子设计,即日粮钠水平分别为1.5、2.4、3.3和4.2 g/kg,以小苏打和硫酸钠两种形式添加,试验共进行42 d。结果:1~10 d肉鸡的增重和采食量受钠盐水平及钠盐水平与种类交互作用的显著影响(P<0.05),在1~10 d时,硫酸钠组日增重和采食量最高(P<0.05)。同时,在整个试验期间(1~42 d),2.4 g/kg硫酸钠显著改善了增重(P<0.05)。随着钠水平的升高,血液pH表现为显著升高(P<0.05),硫酸钠组血液pH显著高于小苏打组(P<0.05),硫酸钠组腹脂占比较小苏打组显著提高2.23%(P<0.05)。4.2 g/kg钠水平组血清钠和钙浓度最高(P<0.05),3.3 g/kg钠水平组血清钾、氯和镁浓度最高(P<0.05)。与小苏打组相比,硫酸钠组血清钾水平显著降低0.33%(P<0.05),而血清钙浓度显著提高9.2%(P<0.05)。结论:日粮中钠以硫酸钠的形式添加2.4~3.3 g/kg可改善1~10 d肉鸡的生长性能,而在33~42 d时降低日粮钠水平可以使肉鸡获得最大的增重和采食量。

The aim of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of dietary sodium level and species on growth performance,carcass characteristics and serum mineral levels of broilers.832 white~feathered broilers with the same average initial weight were selected and randomly divided into 8 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 26 replicates in each group.The experimental diet was designed with a factor of 4×2.The sodium water was 1.5,2.4,3.3 and 4.2 g/kg,and the sodium addition forms of baking soda and sodium sulfate were used for a total of 42 days.Results:the weight gain and feed intake of broilers on day 1~10 were significantly affected by the sodium salt level and the interaction between sodium salt level and species(P<0.05).The daily weight gain and feed intake of broilers on day 1~10 were the highest in the sodium sulfate group(P<0.05).At the same time,2.4 g/kg sodium sulfate significantly improved weight gain during the entire trial period(1~42 d)(P<0.05).With the increase of sodium level,the blood pH value was significantly increased(P<0.05).The blood pH value in the sodium sulfate group was significantly higher than that in the baking soda group(P<0.05),and the proportion of abdominal fat in the sodium sulfate group was 2.23%higher than that in the baking soda group(P<0.05).The highest serum sodium and calcium concentrations were found in the 4.2g/kg sodium level group(P<0.05),and the highest serum potassium,chlorine and magnesium concentrations were found in the 3.3g/kg sodium level group(P<0.05).Compared with the baking soda group,the serum potassium level in the sodium sulfate group was significantly reduced by 0.33%(P<0.05),while the serum calcium concentration was significantly increased by 9.2%(P<0.05).Conclusion:dietary sodium in the form of sodium sulfate in large amounts of 2.4~3.3g/kg can improve the growth performance of broiler chickens at 1~10 d,while reducing the dietary sodium level at 33~42 d can maximize the weight gain and feed intake of broiler chickens.