深拖系统在深远海调查中的应用

Analysis of deep-tow system and application in deep sea survey

深拖系统由拖曳载体、压载器、布放回收装置、甲板通讯供电单元组成,搭载有侧扫声呐、多波束、浅地层剖面仪等十多种仪器,可开展近底式目标搜寻及地形地貌与浅地层剖面等调查,作业时需要数控绞车、光电复合缆、伸缩式A架的支持配合,对操作要求较高。了解深拖系统组成,制定严谨的作业流程,有助于采集到高质量的多波束、侧扫声呐等探测数据。文章对比分析了深拖系统与普通船载采集方式的不同,解决了拖曳载体搭载多波束时水深测量值的反算问题,以及拖体浮沉引起海底面的假起浮造成的浅地层剖面声学图像畸变的校正问题,通过实际应用验证了处理方法的可行性。深拖系统推广应用的关键是同步开展装备建设和人才队伍建设,主动适应深远海调查作业的发展需求。

The deep-tow system is composed of towing carrier,ballast,deployment and recovery device and deck communication power supply unit.It is equipped with more than ten kinds of sensors,such as side scanning sonar,multi-beam and shallow stratum profiler.It can carry out near-bottom target search and survey of topography and shallow stratum profile,etc.The operation requires the support and cooperation of CNC winch,photoelectric composite cable and telescopic A-frame.Due to complex technology,it requires high operation techniques.In order to make it work better,the deep-tow system composition was analyzed in this paper,and the operation process and method were described in detail.The characteristics of multibeam and sub-bottom profiler data were analyzed emphatically,differences from the ship borne equipment acquisition mode were compared as well.A new method of data interpretation for deep-tow system was proposed,which solved the calculation of multibeam bathymetric value,the correction of acoustic image distortion of sub-bottom profiler caused by the floating and sinking of towed vehicle.The feasibility of the processing method was verified by practical application.The key to the popularization and application of deep-tow system is to carry out equipment construction and talent team construction simultaneously,and actively adapt to the development needs of deep sea survey operations.