美国糖尿病学会2020年《孕期糖尿病诊治指南》摘译和解读

Translation and interpretation of the 2020 Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy by the American Diabetes Association

1989年以来,美国糖尿病学会(American Diabetes Association, ADA)一直负责制定糖尿病最新指南。由于改善糖尿病患者健康状态的新研究、新技术以及治疗方法不断涌现,糖尿病诊治指南每年都有所更新。2020年1月,ADA更新了孕期糖尿病诊治指南。孕期糖尿病分为孕前糖尿病与妊娠期糖尿病(gestational diabetes mellitus, GDM),由于糖尿病的高发病率,GDM成为孕期最常见的并发症,成为影响母婴健康最重要的疾病之一。本文主要针对GDM的筛查和诊断标准、糖尿病患者的孕前咨询、孕期血糖控制目标、孕期管理推荐和药物治疗、产后随访等方面问题对2020年指南进行摘译和解读,以期为临床实践提供参考。

Since 1989,the American Diabetes Association(ADA)is responsible for developing the latest guidelines for diabetes.Due to the continuous emergence of new research,new technologies,and treatments to improve the health of diabetic patients,the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of diabetes are updated every year.The ADA updated Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Diabetes in Pregnancy in January 2020.Diabetes during pregnancy consists of pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Because of the high incidence of diabetes,GDM has become the most common complication during pregnancy and one of the most important diseases affecting the health of mothers and babies.This article mainly extracts and interprets GDM screening and diagnostic criteria,pre-pregnancy consultation for diabetic patients,pregnancy blood glucose control goals,pregnancy management recommendations and drug treatment,postpartum follow-up,etc.,in order to provide references for future clinical practice.