普外科患者术后感染及危险因素分析

Analysis of Postoperative Infection and Risk Factor in General Surgery Patients

目的探讨普外科患者术后发生医院感染的危险因素及其预防对策。方法选取7218例普外科患者进行回顾性调查研究,采用描述法分析患者术后医院感染率及感染部位,采用χ2检验、多因素logistic回归筛选患者术后医院感染的危险因素。结果7218例普外科患者术后医院感染率为3.92%,感染部位以手术切口、呼吸系统、泌尿系统等为主。多因素logistic回归结果显示,影响患者术后医院感染的因素包括年龄(OR=2.291)、营养不良(OR=5.646)、基础疾病(OR=3.888)、侵入性操作(OR=4.778)、切口类型(OR=3.615)、广谱抗菌药物使用时间(OR=4.204)、住院时间(OR=2.435)等。结论普外科患者术后感染率高达3.92%,应引起科室管理人员的重视,根据其感染特征及高危因素,早期采取预防措施,降低患者术后医院感染率。

Objective To explore the risk factors and preventive strategy of postoperative nosocomial infection in general surgery patients.Methods A retrospective survey was conducted on 7218 general surgery patients.Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the rate and infection sites of postoperative nosocomial infections,andχ2 test and multivariate logistic regression was employed to screen the risk factors of postoperative nosocomial infection.Results The postoperative nosocomial infection rate in the 7218 general surgery patients was 3.92%,and the infection mainly occurred in operative incisions,respiratory system and urinary system.The results of multivariate logistic regression indicated that the risk factors of postoperative nosocomial infection included age(OR=2.291),malnutrition(OR=5.646),underlying diseases(OR=3.888),invasive operations(OR=4.778),incision type(OR=3.615),use time of broad-spectrum antibiotics(OR=4.204)and length of stay(OR=2.435).Conclusion The postoperative nosocomial infection rate in general surgery patients was up to 3.92%,and the managers should pay more attention to the problem.Early preventive measures should be carried out according to the infection features and risk factors to reduce the postoperative nosocomial infection rate in general surgery patients.