唐人“吴体”与江左风流

The“Wu Style”in Tang Poetry and“Jiang Zuo”Celebrities

作为地理文化概念的"江左"以名士风流为内核,其浓厚的地域色彩又集中体现为"吴声""吴歌"之风。至于唐代,以对魏晋名士风流的延续和习慕为接引,新一代江东士人群体又将江左风流和吴语之风引入长安,北人如王维等亦时戏为吴语。杜甫之"吴体"创作正是这一文化背景与个人际遇之产物,而以"吴体"名之既见其地域文化渊源,又有意别之于歌诗系统之吴声。形式上,则取七律之形而破其声律,同时又杂吴语和双声,且多用入声,以成其独特之音节、声调。皮、陆二人以"吴体"唱和,杂吴语且以吴中风土、名物入诗就文化传统和精神渊源而言直承贺知章,体制、风格则全仿杜甫。

As a geographical and cultural concept,"Jiangzuo"takes"the style of famous scholars"as its core,and its strong regional colour is concentrated in the"Wu sound"and"Wu ballad".In Tang dynasty,a new generation of Jiangdong scholars introduced the"Jiangzuo"style and the"Wu dialect"to Chang’an in order to continue and admire the celebrities’style of Wei and Jin,and the northerners,such as Wang Wei,sometimes referred to it as the Wu language.Du Fu’s"Wu Style"poetic composition is a product of this cultural background and personal encounter,and to name it"Wu Style"not only reflects its regional and cultural origins,but is also intended to be distinct Wu sound from the poetic system.In form,it takes the form of an eight-line poem with seven characters in a line but breaks its meter,while at the same time mixing the Wu dialect and the dual tone,and using the entering voice more often than not,in order to form its unique syllables and tones.Pi and Wu used the same rhyming sequence of"Wu Style",echoing each other,mixing in the poetry with Wu dialect,culture,and famous things,and in terms of cultural tradition and spiritual origins,Pi Rixiu and Lu Guimeng poems directly inherited from He Zhizhang,while their system and style are modelled on those of Du Fu.