考虑V2G影响的光伏电动汽车充电站多目标容量配置优化方法

Multi-objective capacity allocation optimization method of photovoltaic EV charging station considering V2G

大量电动汽车接入微电网将带来很多问题。本文在考虑V2G的情况下,提出了两种充放电模式,构建了基于出行习惯的无序充放电模式和考虑峰谷电价的有序充放电模式的电动汽车充放电负荷模型,运用蒙特卡罗法对实例进行仿真验证。在基于V2G的两种不同充放电模式下,建立以能源利用率最大化和系统投资、运行成本最小化为目标函数的数学模型,给出了决策变量范围,功率平衡要求的约束条件及能量交换策略。运用NSGA-Ⅱ和NSGA-SA算法对实例分别进行仿真验证。通过对比两种不同模式的仿真结果,证明了考虑V2G的有序充放电模式在缓解电网压力、减少系统投资、提高能源效率等方面明显优于无序充放电模式。

Large-scale electric vehicles(EVs) connected to the micro grid would cause many problems. In this paper, with the consideration of vehicle to grid(V2 G), two charging and discharging load modes of EVs were constructed. One was the disorderly charging and discharging mode based on travel habits, and the other was the orderly charging and discharging mode based on time-of-use(TOU) price;Monte Carlo method was used to verify the case. The scheme of the capacity optimization of photovoltaic charging station under two different charging and discharging modes with V2 G was proposed. The mathematical models of the objective function with the maximization of energy efficiency, the minimization of the investment and the operation cost of the charging system were established. The range of decision variables, constraints of the requirements of the power balance and the strategy of energy exchange were given. NSGA-Ⅱ and NSGA-SA algorithm were used to verify the cases, respectively. In both algorithms, by comparing with the simulation results of the two different modes, it shows that the orderly charging and discharging mode with V2 G is obviously better than the disorderly charging and discharging mode in the aspects of alleviating the pressure of power grid, reducing system investment and improving energy efficiency.