西北地区旅游业碳排放时空差异分析

Analysis on spatio-temporal difference of tourism carbon emissions in northwest China

基于旅游业的3个主要方面即旅游交通、旅游住宿和景区活动,采用自下而上分析法测算了西北地区2000—2017年及各省(区)2000、2008、2017年的旅游业碳排放量,在此基础上计算旅游业人均碳排放量和碳排放强度,并对其时空差异进行分析。结果表明,2000—2017年,西北地区旅游业碳排放总量呈波动增长态势,旅游业人均碳排放量和碳排放强度则呈波动下降趋势,表明该区域旅游业低碳化发展态势逐步显现;西北地区旅游业三大方面碳排放量及增幅均有显著差距,旅游交通碳排放始终处于绝对主导地位,旅游住宿碳排放和旅游活动碳排放占比相对较小,但旅游活动的增幅最大,是旅游交通增幅的7.75倍,三大方面碳排放占比由2000年90.12%、9.23%、0.65%变化为2016年90.05%、5.97%、3.98%;西北地区旅游业碳排放水平空间差异显著,各省(区)旅游业碳排放量总体呈逐步向高排放区演变的趋势,除青海外,其余省(区)的旅游业人均碳排放量和碳排放强度呈由高向低转变的趋势。

Based on the three main aspects of tourism industry,tourism transportation,tourism accommodation and activities of the scenic spot,the bottom-up analysis method was used to calculate the tourism carbon emissions in the northwest region from 2000 to 2017 and the provinces in 2000,2008,and 2017.Per capita carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity of tourism industry were calculated,and their temporal and spatial differences were analyzed.The results showed that from 2000 to 2017,total carbon emis⁃sions of tourism industry showed a fluctuating growth trend,while per capita carbon emissions and carbon emission intensity of the tourism industry showed a fluctuating downward trend,indicating that the development of low-carbon tourism in this region was gradu⁃ally emerging;From 2000 to 2017,there was a significant gap in the carbon emissions and growth rates of the three aspects of tourism industry in the northwest region.The carbon emissions of tourism transportation had always been in an absolute dominant position,and the carbon emissions of tourism accommodation and tourism activities accounted for a relatively small proportion.While the growth rate of tourism activities was the largest,which was 7.75 times larger than the tourism transportation.The carbon emissions of the three as⁃pects changed from 90.12%,9.23%and 0.65%in 2000 to 90.05%,5.97%and 3.98%in 2016;There were significant spatial differ⁃ences in the carbon emission level of tourism industry in northwest region.The overall carbon emissions of tourism in each province(re⁃gions)were gradually evolving to high-emissions areas.Except for Qinghai province,the per capita carbon emissions and carbon emis⁃sion intensity of tourism in other provinces(regions)showed a trend of transformation from high to low.