关于社会主义社会的生产资料所有制问题

On the Ownership of the Means of Production in a Socialist Society

思考和研究社会主义问题,首先要了解科学社会主义创始者马克思、恩格斯对社会主义基本问题的论述。长期以来,苏联社会主义模式的影响,阶级斗争为纲的影响,阻碍了人们如实地准确地理解马克思、恩格斯关于社会主义的一些至关重要的论述。马克思、恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中指出,共产主义的特征不是要废除"一般的所有制",即"小资产阶级的、小农的财产"。他们不主张在存在这样的所有制国家实行纯而又纯的公有制。我国改革开放以来出现的个体经济、私营经济,作为一种经济形态,类似于马克思、恩格斯所说的"一般的所有制"。这种所有制经济具有正当性,合法性,不可侵犯性,不应歧视和排斥这种所有制经济。

To study socialism,we must first understand Marx and Engels’views on the basic issues of socialism.For years,under the influence of Soviet model of socialism and the principle of taking class struggle as the key link,some of their crucial arguments on socialism were mistakenly understood or interpreted.They pointed out inthe Communist Manifesto that the character of communism is not to abolish“general ownership”,i.e.,“the properties of the petty bourgeoise and small peasants”.They did not advocate replacing such an ownership in a state with a purely public ownership.The individual economy,private economy that have emerged since the inception of reform and opening up in China are,as economic forms,similar to the“general ownership”referred to by Marx and Engels.This type of ownership economy is justified,legitimate,and inviolable,and should not be discriminated against or rejected.