四倍体大白菜雄性不育系资源的创制

Innovation of Male Sterile Lines in Tetraploid Chinese Cabbage

目前国内外对二倍体大白菜雄性不育系的创制已进行了深入的研究,利用雄性不育系技术育种已相对成熟,而四倍体大白菜育种仍以突破稔性、提高结籽率的自交系选育为主,四倍体雄性不育系的研究尚无相关报道。本研究通过从二倍体大白菜细胞质雄性不育系中筛选含新型甘蓝型油菜CMS基因的资源(CMS后36高)为不育源,依靠人工秋水仙素加倍,经倍性鉴定筛选和高代稳定四倍体自交系D571、D574连续多代回交转育,成功获得了CMS-D571、CMS-D574两个四倍体大白菜细胞质雄性不育系,该不育系具有不育度达100%、结籽率高、遗传稳定的特点。该研究证实细胞质雄性不育性也可在四倍体大白菜育种上应用,可以作为创制四倍体大白菜细胞质雄性不育系的方法,为四倍体大白菜开展雄性不育系育种奠定了物质基础。

The male sterile lines of diploid Chinese cabbage have been widely investigated for theoretical studies and practical uses.In tetraploid Chinese cabbage,improvement of fertility and seed setting rate in selfbred lines was favorable,while study of the male sterile lines remained un-investigated.In this study,a sterile source(CMS hou36 gao)with new Brassica rapa L.cytoplasmic male sterile(CMS)gene was selected from the diploid Chinese cabbage,and subjected for chromosome doubling using colchicine treatment.By multiple consecutive cycles with tetraploid inbred lines D571 and D574,in conjugation with cytogenetically identifying the number of chromosomes,two tetraploid lines CMS-D571 and CMS-D574 that showed cytoplasmic male sterile were produced.Both lines showed sterility rate up to 100%with high seed setting rate and genetic stability.This study raised an example by using the cytoplasmic male sterility in tetraploid Chinese cabbage breeding,and established an experimental pipeline to generate the cytoplasmic tetraploid male sterile lines.Collectively,this work laid a foundation for innovation and practical use of male sterile lines in tetraploid Chinese cabbage.