种子无刺毛野生胡萝卜雄性不育材料的创制与鉴定

Creation and Identification of Wild Carrot Male Sterile Material with Hairless Seed

胡萝卜雄性不育使得胡萝卜杂交优势得以利用,而种子刺毛严重影响胡萝卜播种质量和效率。通常,需要在播种前去除胡萝卜种子的刺毛。胡萝卜种子无刺毛雄性不育材料对于胡萝卜遗传育种有重要的意义。本研究利用从武汉洪山地区野生胡萝卜(武野)筛选到的雄性不育材料(武野-不育)和筛选到的种子无刺毛材料(武野-无毛)进行杂交和后代筛选,获得了种子无刺毛的雄性不育材料(命名为武野-雄无毛)。武野-雄无毛材料为典型的瓣化型雄性不育,其叶片、叶柄、茎等表现出光滑无茸毛,植株颜色为深绿色。在育性线粒体基因上,武野-雄无毛只含有短片段的atp6基因,不含长片段的atp6基因。武野-雄无毛与武野及栽培胡萝卜黑田五寸杂交,种子均表现出无刺毛特征,且获得的杂交种发芽所需时间短于武野和黑田五寸。

Carrot male sterility enables the utilization of hybrid vigor of the crop.Yet the presence of seed hairs of carrot seriously affects the quality and efficiency of seed sowing,and it is usually necessary to remove the seed hairs before sowing.Male sterile material with hairless seed is important for carrot genetic breeding.Carrot Wuye-MG has typical petaloid male sterility and produces hairless seed,was obtained through generations selection from the crossing between the male sterile Wuye-BY selected from the wild carrot Wuye in Hongshan area of Wuhan City,and the selected hairless-seeded Wuye-hairless.In this study,Wuye-MG plants were observed to be dark green,with glabrous and hairless leaves,petioles and stems,and when pollinated by wild carrot Wuye or cultivated carrot Kuroda Gosun,produced fertile hairless seeds,which needed shorter time for germination than either Wuye or Kuroda Gosun.In the fertility mitochondrial gene,Wuye-MG contained the short segment of atp6 gene,but not the long segment of atp6 gene.