陆内造山带特征及其动力学讨论

Principal features of intracontinental orogenic belt and discussions on its dynamics

板块构造理论上陆后遇到了难解之谜。陆内宽广的造山带、频繁的陆内地震、陆内普遍发育的透入性变形构造及其巨量的过铝质花岗岩,是大陆构造的普遍现象,陆内(或板内)构造已经成为板块构造理论的重要组成部分。本文简要回顾了大陆变形与陆内造山带的研究历程,总结了陆内造山带的基本特征,包括定义、位置、规模、地质特征、地壳结构、岩浆活动、应变分布、山根、热能、动力源等,结合自己的研究,对世界上几个典型陆内造山带的地质特征进行了介绍,展示了华南早古生代陆内造山带与板缘造山带地质特性的对比,对其动力学进行了讨论,提出了现今面临的挑战及其研究展望。

Traditional theory of plate tectonics facedpuzzling problems when it was used to interpret the genesis mechanism of the old continent.Frequent intracontinental earthquakes,wide continental orogenic belts,pervasive penetrative deformed structures and huge-scale S-type granitic provinces constitute the principal features of continental geology,and thus the intracontinental or intraplate orogeny has been an important part of modern theory of plate tectonics.This paper briefly reviewed the process of intracontinental orogeny and summarized its foundational features focusing on aspects of definition,geotectonic location,scale,distinct geological signatures,crustal tectonics,magmatism,strain distribution,mountain root,thermal energy and dynamic source.By combining with international results and author’s own works in the past two-decades,several typical intracontinental orogenic belts arebriefly described including the Cenozoic Tianshan,the Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic Central Australia,the Early Paleozoic South China,and the Pan-African period Damara ones.From these,a comparison of geological features of the South China Early Paleozoic intracontinental orogen with subduction-collision-type orogenic belts was proposed,and several newchallenges arediscussed.