比赛时间对女子篮球训练中竞技负荷的影响研究

Research on the Influence of Match Time on Competitive Load in Women’s Basketball Training

在篮球运动中,量化比赛负荷是教练员为确定目标、指导运动员发展而广泛使用的工具。即便如此,选手在比赛中的参与方式也不尽相同,有的选手在短时间内的激励下比其他选手强。为了掌握比赛中身体负荷随运动员比赛时间变化的关系,通过距离、奔跑次数、加速和减速运动、冲击、跳跃和运动员运动负荷这些变量对12场女子篮球比赛进行分析,并根据时间段内的负荷情况来(1~10min,10~20min,20~30min和30~40min)分析所有这些变量。数据采集自超宽带(UWB)和惯性器件(WIMUTM)。随着比赛时间的增加,所分析的变量均呈上升趋势。然而,分析每分钟的加权变量(每分钟的动作数)发现,当运动员在赛场上超过30min时,最终成绩会下降。比赛负荷是根据比赛的分钟数来区分的,允许调整一个队的球员之间的时间,以期在整个比赛中达到最佳的身体表现。

In basketball,quantifying competition load is a tool widely used by coaches to determine goals and control players’development.Even so,the way players participate in the competition is not the same,some players in a short period of time under the incentive of the state is better than others.In order to understand the relationship between the body load and the players’competition time,this paper analyzes the 12 women’s basketball games through the variables of distance,running times,acceleration and deceleration,impact,jump and athlete’s exercise load,and analyzes all these variables according to the load situation in the time period(1~10 minutes,10~20 minutes,20~30 minutes and 30~40 minutes).The data were collected from UWB and WIMUTM.With the increase of competition time,the variables analyzed showed an upward trend.However,the analysis of the weighted variable per minute(the number of movements per minute)found that when an athlete is on the court for more than 30 minutes,the final performance will decline.The game load is differentiated by the number of minutes in the game,allowing the time between players of a team to be adjusted in order to achieve the best physical performance in the whole game.