百年法治进程的基本逻辑与执政党角色——纪念中国共产党成立100周年和“依法治国”方略提出24周年

The Basic Logic of the Process of Hundred-year Rule of Law and the Role of Ruling Party——Commemorating the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the 24th anniversary of raising the"rule of Law"strategy

中国共产党领导的中国特色社会主义法治事业是人类历史上前所未有的伟大法治工程,中国共产党的领导是中国特色社会主义法治的最本质特征。中国法治进程近代发端的特殊性在于其被动性和外在强制性,中国法治现代化面对的基本难题是其所遭遇的"矛盾的现代性":一方面必须彻底反帝反封建以实现民族独立,另一方面必须学习并移植西方先进的法律制度和生产方式以实现现代化,这就决定了中国走向现代法治之路的曲折性。新中国建政之初颁布的《中国人民政治协商会议共同纲领》不仅起到了临时宪法的作用,还是当代中国法治体系的"基础规范",它内在蕴含着"法治国家"的必然性。新中国法治建设在经历一定时期的挫折之后,得益于中国共产党从革命党到执政党的转型和正确领导,终于走上依法治国、建设社会主义法治国家之正途,开创了全面依法治国的全新局面,形成了指导中国特色社会主义法治建设的"习近平法治思想",向着"法治中国"战略目标不断胜利推进。所有这些伟大成就的取得,归功于执政党之于中国法治建设所承担的领导者、设计者和推动者的伟大角色,亦归因于法治建设进程中执政党对建构理性和经验理性方法论的兼重与融合。

The cause of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics under the leadership of the CPC is a great project unprecedented in human history,and the leadership of the CPC is the most essential feature of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics.The particularity of the beginning of the process of rule of law in modern China lies in its passivity and external mandatory,the basic problem which modernization of the rule of law in China face is the"contradictory modernity":on the one hand,we must be thoroughly anti-imperialist and anti-feudal in order to realize the national independence,on the other hand,we must learn and transplantation of the western advanced legal system and the mode of production in order to realize the modernization,which determines the faltering of the road of China to the modern rule of law.At the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China,the Common Program of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)not only acted as a temporary constitution,but also served as the"basic norm"of contemporary rule of law system of China,which contained the inevitability of"a country ruled by law".After a certain period of setback,New China’s construction of the rule of law finally moved towards the law-based governance of the country and the construction of the socialism rule of law country in the right direction,thanks to the party transformation from revolutionary party to ruling party and its correct leadership,which created a new situation of overall law-based governance of the country,and formed"Xi-Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law"which guides the construction of the socialism rule of law country with Chinese characteristics,moving to the strategic goal of"China rule of law".All these great achievements are attributed to the great role of the Party as a leader,designer and promoter in the construction of"China rule of law",as well as the party’s emphasis and integration of rationality and empirical rationality methodology in the construction process of rule of law.