安徽省乡村旅游扶贫效率研究——基于安徽省16个地市的数据

The Estimate of Rural Tourism Poverty Alleviation Efficiency Based on the Data from 16 Cities in Anhui Province

基于安徽省16个地市的面板数据,运用SBM-DEA模型与ML指数综合测算乡村旅游的扶贫效率。研究发现:整体上,安徽省乡村旅游扶贫效率损失严重,随着乡村旅游的发展,其扶贫效果大幅度降低,全域旅游在乡村旅游扶贫中发挥着重要作用;各地区间发展极不平衡,旅游扶贫效果在贫困地区显著,在发达地区几乎无效。具体而言,纯技术效率呈下降趋势,乡村旅游发展缺乏经营管理技术的引进与创新,在贫困地区属于学习与扩散阶段,在发达地区停滞不前;规模效率呈快速上升趋势,规模集聚效应逐渐增强,具有规模扩张但效率低下的发展态势;相比较而言,规模效率整体上高于纯技术效率,综合效率的提升主要依赖于规模效率的提升。因此,应加大政府支持力度,大力发展乡村旅游,注重乡村全域旅游的推广;积极搭建开放平台,促进乡村旅游发展规划能力与经营管理能力的提升;优化要素投入规模、创新要素配置方式,更好地发挥规模集聚效应;积极推进区域性乡村旅游协作的建立,注重乡村旅游扶贫的协同发展。

Based on the panel data of 16 cities in Anhui Province,the SBM-DEA model and ML index are used to comprehensively calculate the poverty alleviation efficiency of rural tourism.The results show that:Firstly,the loss of the rural tourism poverty alleviation efficiency is serious.With the development of rural tourism,the effect is greatly reduced,and the rural comprehensive tourism plays a more important role.Secondly,The effect of tourism poverty alleviation is extremely uneven in various regions,it is significant in poor areas,and it is almost ineffective in developed areas.Specifically,the pure technical efficiency shows a downward trend,and the development of rural tourism lacks the introduction and innovation of operation and management technology.It belongs to the stage of learning and dissemination in poor areas and stagnation in developed areas.In addition,the scale efficiency is showing a rapid upward trend,and the scale agglomeration effect is gradually increasing,with a development trend of scale expansion but low efficiency.Comparatively speaking,the scale efficiency is generally higher than the pure technical efficiency,and the improvement of combined efficiency mainly depends on the improvement of the scale efficiency.Therefore,it is necessary to increase government support,vigorously develop rural tourism,and pay attention to the promotion of rural comprehensive tourism.Actively build an open platform to promote the improvement of rural tourism development planning ability and management capabilities.Optimize the scale of factor inputs,innovate the way of factors allocation,and better play to the effect of scale agglomeration.And actively promote the establishment of regional rural tourism cooperation,and focus on the coordinated development of rural tourism poverty alleviation.