北京市房山区居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎初期的认知情况

Investigation on residents’cognition of coronavirus disease 2019 during the early stage in Fangshan district of Beijing

目的调查北京市房山区居民对新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)的认知情况,为相关部门制定防控措施提供理论依据。方法采用随机抽样方法,于2020年2月上旬对房山区2418名居民进行线上问卷调查。结果房山区居民对COVID-19防护知识的知晓率为31.51%,其中男性为29.89%,女性为32.11%。居民对医学观察时间知晓率最高(95.99%)、其次是传播途径(89.12%),而对公共场所佩戴口罩种类知晓率最低(55.67%)。不同年龄、文化程度和职业背景的知晓率差异有统计学意义(χ2年龄=27.177,χ2文化=57.017,χ2职业=42.941,P均<0.05),知晓率随着年龄的增加而降低,随着文化程度的提高而上升,非医学背景职业人群知晓率(29.49%)低于医学背景人群(50.43%)。结论在今后COVID-19防控的健康教育宣传中,房山区应对重点人群开展健康教育,注重传播形式的多样化、传播内容的通俗化和准确化,有效提高全区人群的防控能力。

Objective To investigate the cognitive level of 2019 novel coronavirus disease(COVID-19)among residents in Fangshan district of Beijing and provide the scientific basis for relevant department to formulate prevention and control measures.Methods By using the method of random sampling,an online questionnaire survey was conducted among 2418 residents in Fangshan district in early February 2020.Results The awareness rate of the COVID-19 protection knowledge among residents in Fangshan district was 31.51%,29.89% in males and 32.11% in females.Residents had the highest awareness rate of the duration of medical observation(95.99%),followed by the route of transmission(89.12%),while the awareness rate of the masks types worn in public places was lowest(55.67%).There were significant differences in the awareness rate among different age,educational levels and occupational backgrounds(Chi-square test values were 27.177,57.017 and 42.941respectively,P<0.05).The awareness rate decreased with the increase of age and increased with the improvement of educational level.The awareness rate of non-medical occupational group(29.49%)was lower than that of medical group(50.43%).Conclusions In the future health education and publicity of COVID-19 prevention and control in Fangshan,it is necessary to carry out health education focusing on key population,pay attention to the diversification of communication forms,popularization and accuracy of communication contents,effectively improve the prevention and control ability of the whole population.